Test 8 · ★ · The capybara: the calmest animal, friend of crocodiles?
In a game, your capybara sits in the river with its whole head out of the water to hide. What would a real one do?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: capybara · What happens: sit, hide · To what, where: game
This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 42 «The capybara: the calmest animal, friend of crocodiles?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: In a game, your capybara sits in the river with its whole head out of the water to hide.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 game | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 game | det |
| 3 | game | game | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sits | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 game | punct |
| 5 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 capybara | nmod:poss |
| 6 | capybara | capybara | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sits | nsubj |
| 7 | sits | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 river | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 river | det |
| 10 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sits | obl |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 14 head | case |
| 12 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 head | nmod:poss |
| 13 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 head | amod |
| 14 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sits | obl |
| 15 | out | out | ADP | _ | 18 water | case |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 water | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 water | det |
| 18 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sits | obl |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 hide | mark |
| 20 | hide | hide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 sits | advcl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 sits | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sit | present | your capybara | a game | in the river; with capybara's whole head; out the water | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in game=Location | |||
| 2 | hide | to-infinitive | your capybara not said here | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What would a real one do?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | root | root |
| 2 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 1 What | aux |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 do | det |
| 4 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 do | amod |
| 5 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 do | compound |
| 6 | do | do | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 What | nsubj |
| 7 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 1 What | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Dig a hole in the mud and stay there for hours
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dig | dig | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 hole | det |
| 3 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Dig | obj |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 mud | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 mud | det |
| 6 | mud | mud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Dig | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 stay | cc |
| 8 | stay | stay | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Dig | conj |
| 9 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 8 stay | advmod |
| 10 | for | for | ADP | _ | 11 hours | case |
| 11 | hours | hour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 stay | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dig | imperative | you not said here | a hole | the mud | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent hole=Theme in mud=Location | |||
| 2 | stay | infinitive | you not said here | there | hour | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 2
Stay on the bank and growl
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Stay | stay | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | on | on | ADP | _ | 4 bank | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 bank | det |
| 4 | bank | bank | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Stay | obl |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 growl | cc |
| 6 | growl | growl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 bank | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stay | imperative | you not said here | the bank and growl | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on bank=Location |
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
Sink so only its eyes, ears and nostrils show
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sink | sink | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | so | so | ADV | _ | 10 show | advmod |
| 3 | only | only | ADV | _ | 5 eyes | advmod |
| 4 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 5 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 show | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 ears | punct |
| 7 | ears | ear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 eyes | conj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 nostrils | cc |
| 9 | nostrils | nostril | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 eyes | conj |
| 10 | show | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Sink | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sink | imperative | you not said here | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 2 | show | present | its eyes and ears and nostrils | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 4
Climb a tree instead
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Climb | climb | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 tree | det |
| 3 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Climb | obj |
| 4 | instead | instead | ADV | _ | 1 Climb | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | climb | imperative | you not said here | a tree | instead property | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location tree=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/42-the-capybara/t8/