Test 1 · More record-breakers and oddballs: sloth, narwhal, chamele…

«sloths are just lazy lol, imagine sleeping all day» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: sloths · What happens: be, imagine, sleep

This is test 1 of lesson 45 «More record-breakers and oddballs: sloth, narwhal, chameleon, electric eel, giraffe» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 lazy	punct
2	sloths	sloth	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 lazy	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 lazy	cop
4	just	just	ADV	_	5 lazy	advmod
5	lazy	lazy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 right	advcl
6	lol	lol	INTJ	_	8 imagine	discourse
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 lol	punct
8	imagine	imagine	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	5 lazy	parataxis
9	sleeping	sleep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 imagine	xcomp
10	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	11 day	det
11	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 sleeping	obl:unmarked
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 lazy	punct
13	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	15 right	nsubj
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 right	cop
15	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	15 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	present	sloths		lazy property	tree rules
2	imagine in a quote	infinitive				vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
3	sleep in a quote	gerund		day		vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	is	present			right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, they are simply lazy

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 lazy	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 lazy	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 lazy	cop
5	simply	simply	ADV	_	6 lazy	advmod
6	lazy	lazy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	they					lazy, simply property	tree rules

Option 2

No, sloths are actually the fastest climbers in the whole rainforest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	8 climbers	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	sloths	sloth	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 climbers	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 climbers	cop
5	actually	actually	ADV	_	8 climbers	advmod
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 climbers	det
7	fastest	fast	ADJ	Degree=Sup	8 climbers	amod
8	climbers	climber	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
9	in	in	ADP	_	12 rainforest	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 rainforest	det
11	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 rainforest	amod
12	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 climbers	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	sloths	the fastest climbers		the whole rainforest		actually property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Slowness saves energy, because their leaves give so little of it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Slowness	slowness	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 saves	nsubj
2	saves	save	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 saves	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 give	punct
5	because	because	SCONJ	_	8 give	mark
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 leaves	nmod:poss
7	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 give	nsubj
8	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 saves	parataxis
9	so	so	ADV	_	10 little	advmod
10	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 give	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 it	case
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 little	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	save	present	Slowness	energy					vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme
2	give	present	their leaves	little of Slowness					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent little=Theme

Option 4

Yes, and they are ill most of the time

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 ill	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 ill	cc
4	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 ill	nsubj
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 ill	cop
6	ill	ill	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 most	advcl
7	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	root	root
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 time	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 time	det
10	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 most	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	they					ill property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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