Test 2 · More record-breakers and oddballs: sloth, narwhal, chamele…

In a cartoon a chameleon on a picnic rug turns into a perfect tartan. What does a real one do?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: chameleon · What happens: turn, do · To what, where: cartoon, real one do

This is test 2 of lesson 45 «More record-breakers and oddballs: sloth, narwhal, chameleon, electric eel, giraffe» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a chameleon on a picnic rug turns into a perfect tartan.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 turns	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 chameleon	det
5	chameleon	chameleon	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 turns	nsubj
6	on	on	ADP	_	9 rug	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 rug	det
8	picnic	picnic	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 rug	compound
9	rug	rug	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 chameleon	nmod
10	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	into	into	ADP	_	14 tartan	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 tartan	det
13	perfect	perfect	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 tartan	amod
14	tartan	tartan	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 turns	obl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 turns	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	present	a chameleon on a picnic rug			a cartoon		into a perfect tartan	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme in cartoon=Source into tartan=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does a real one do?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	2 does	nsubj
2	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 do	det
4	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 do	amod
5	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 do	compound
6	do	do	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 does	obj
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 does	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present		a real one do					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent do=Eventuality

The options

Option 1

Stays the same colour all its life

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 colour	det
3	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 colour	amod
4	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Stays	obj
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 life	det:predet
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 life	nmod:poss
7	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Stays	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stay	present		the same colour				colour's life obl:unmarked	vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme colour=Location

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Changes colour mostly to signal or to warm up or cool down

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Changes	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 signal	advcl
2	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Changes	obj
3	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	5 signal	advmod
4	to	to	PART	_	5 signal	mark
5	signal	signal	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 warm	cc
7	to	to	PART	_	8 warm	mark
8	warm	warm	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	5 signal	conj
9	up	up	ADP	_	8 warm	compound:prt
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	11 cool	cc
11	cool	cool	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	5 signal	conj
12	down	down	ADP	_	11 cool	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	change	present	colour		vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient
2	signal speech: other	to-infinitive		mostly property	vn instr_communication-37.4.1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	warm up	to-infinitive			vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	cool down	infinitive			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 3

Copies any pattern it sits on, even tartan, stripes and spots

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Copies	copy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 sits	cop
2	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	3 pattern	det
3	pattern	pattern	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sits	nsubj
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 sits	nsubj
5	sits	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	on	on	ADP	_	5 sits	compound:prt
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 tartan	punct
8	even	even	ADV	_	9 tartan	advmod
9	tartan	tartan	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sits	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 stripes	punct
11	stripes	stripe	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 tartan	appos
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 spots	cc
13	spots	spot	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 stripes	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	any pattern					tartan obl; sit property	tree rules

Option 4

Turns see-through

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Turns	turn	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 see	nsubj
2	see	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 through	punct
4	through	thorough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 see	compound

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	present	Turns						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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