Exam question 4 · Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eaters

Ascertain the origin of food in the communities surrounding hot springs upon the deep sea floor.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, communities · What happens: ascertain, surround · To what, where: origin, communities

This is exam question 4 of lesson 46 «Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eaters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 origin	det
3	origin	origin	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 food	case
5	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 origin	nmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 communities	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 communities	det
8	communities	community	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Ascertain	obl
9	surrounding	surround	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 communities	acl
10	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 springs	amod
11	springs	spring	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 surrounding	obj
12	upon	upon	ADP	_	16 floor	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 floor	det
14	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 floor	amod
15	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 floor	compound
16	floor	floor	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 surrounding	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the origin of food		the communities			vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent origin=Topic
2	surround	gerund	the communities not said here				spring	upon the deep sea floor	vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Sunlight which penetrates to the greatest depths

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 penetrates	nsubj
3	penetrates	penetrate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Sunlight	acl:relcl
4	to	to	ADP	_	7 depths	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 depths	det
6	greatest	great	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 depths	amod
7	depths	depth	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 penetrates	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	penetrate	present	Sunlight					to the greatest depths	vn poke-19 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Food discarded from vessels upon the surface

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	discarded	discard	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Food	acl
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 vessels	case
4	vessels	vessel	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 discarded	obl
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 surface	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 surface	det
7	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 discarded	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	discard	participle		Food not said here		vessels		upon the surface	vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent upon surface=Destination

Option 3

Plants which flourish in darkness by means of the heat of the springs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 means	nsubj
2	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 flourish	nsubj
3	flourish	flourish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Plants	acl:relcl
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 darkness	case
5	darkness	darkness	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 flourish	obl
6	by	by	ADP	_	3 flourish	obl
7	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 heat	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 heat	det
10	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 means	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 springs	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 springs	det
13	springs	spring	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 heat	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	flourish	present	Plants	darkness		vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in darkness=Location
2	mean	present	Plants		of the heat of the springs	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
3	heat		the springs			nom heat «phenomenon intransitive»: of=agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Bacteria which make food from chemicals dissolved in the heated water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 dissolved	nsubj
2	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 make	nsubj
3	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Bacteria	acl:relcl
4	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 make	obj
5	from	from	ADP	_	6 chemicals	case
6	chemicals	chemical	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 make	obl
7	dissolved	dissolve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
8	in	in	ADP	_	11 water	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 water	det
10	heated	heat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 water	amod
11	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 dissolved	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	make	present	Bacteria	food	chemicals	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset food=Product from chemical=Material
2	dissolve	participle	Bacteria		the heated water	vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	heat	participle				vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/46-food-chains/e4/