Test 2 · ★★ · Who eats whom: predators, prey, scavengers and decomposers

«vultures are gross, would be better if they all died» What is the clever answer?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: vultures · What happens: be, die · To what, where: clever answer · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 2 · ★★ of lesson 47 «Who eats whom: predators, prey, scavengers and decomposers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 gross	punct
2	vultures	vulture	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 gross	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 gross	cop
4	gross	gross	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 answer	csubj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 better	punct
6	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 better	aux
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 better	cop
8	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 gross	conj
9	if	if	SCONJ	_	12 died	mark
10	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 died	nsubj
11	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 they	det
12	died	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 better	advcl
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 gross	punct
14	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	18 answer	nsubj
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 answer	cop
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 answer	det
17	clever	clever	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 answer	amod
18	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	18 answer	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	present	vultures		gross property	tree rules
2	is in a quote	would	vultures not said here		good property	tree rules
3	die a condition, not said to happen, in a quote	past	vultures = vulture			vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
4	be speech: assert	present		the clever answer		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Vultures spread disease, so the fewer of them there are, the better

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Vultures	vulture	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 spread	nsubj
2	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	disease	disease	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spread	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 fewer	punct
5	so	so	ADV	_	7 fewer	advmod
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 fewer	det
7	fewer	few	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 spread	advcl
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 them	case
9	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 are	obl
10	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	11 are	expl
11	are	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 fewer	advcl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 better	punct
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 better	det
14	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 fewer	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread	present	Vultures	disease					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location disease=Theme
2	be	present	Vultures not said here			there		of Vultures = vulture	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Without them carcasses rot and spread disease, as happened in India

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Without	without	ADP	_	2 them	case
2	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 rot	obl
3	carcasses	carcass	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 rot	nsubj
4	rot	rot	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 spread	cc
6	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 rot	conj
7	disease	disease	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 spread	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 happened	punct
9	as	as	SCONJ	_	10 happened	mark
10	happened	happen	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 rot	conj
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 India	case
12	India	India	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 happened	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	rot	present	carcasses			without them = they	vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	spread	present	carcasses not said here	disease			vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location disease=Theme
3	happen	participle	carcasses not said here		India		vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in india=Location

Option 3

Right, other birds would just eat more fruit and seeds instead

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Right	right	INTJ	_	7 eat	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Right	punct
3	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 birds	amod
4	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 eat	nsubj
5	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 eat	aux
6	just	just	ADV	_	7 eat	advmod
7	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 fruit	amod
9	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 eat	obj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 seeds	cc
11	seeds	seed	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 fruit	conj
12	instead	instead	ADV	_	7 eat	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	would	other birds	more fruit and seeds				instead property	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fruit=Patient

Option 4

Right, nothing would change

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Right	right	INTJ	_	5 change	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Right	punct
3	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 change	nsubj
4	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 change	aux
5	change	change	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	would	nothing						vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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