Exam question 1 · Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, butterfly, ladybird

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises metamorphosis?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: metamorphosis

This is exam question 1 of lesson 48 «Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, butterfly, ladybird» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	metamorphosis	metamorphosis	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		metamorphosis				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The growth of a plant from a seed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 growth	det
2	growth	growth	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 plant	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 plant	det
5	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 growth	nmod
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 seed	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 seed	det
8	seed	seed	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 growth	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow		a plant			a seed			nom growth «process intransitive»: of=agent from=place

Option 2

The dormancy of an animal throughout the winter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 dormancy	det
2	dormancy	dormancy	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 animal	case
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 animal	det
5	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 dormancy	nmod
6	throughout	throughout	ADP	_	8 winter	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 winter	det
8	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 dormancy	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

The seasonal migration of an animal to a warmer region for the purpose of breeding

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 migration	det
2	seasonal	seasonal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 migration	amod
3	migration	migration	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 animal	case
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 animal	det
6	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 migration	nmod
7	to	to	ADP	_	10 region	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 region	det
9	warmer	warm	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 region	amod
10	region	region	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 migration	nmod
11	for	for	ADP	_	13 purpose	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 purpose	det
13	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 region	nmod
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 breeding	case
15	breeding	breeding	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 purpose	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	migrate		a animal					to a warmer region for the purpose of breeding	nom migration «act intransitive»: of=agent to=obl
2	purpose		breeding						nom purpose «cognition intransitive»: of=agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

A marked change in the form of the body during an animal's development

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 change	det
2	marked	mark	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 change	amod
3	change	change	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 form	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 form	det
6	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 change	nmod
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 body	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 body	det
9	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 form	nmod
10	during	during	ADP	_	14 development	case
11	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 animal	det
12	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 development	nmod:poss
13	's	's	PART	_	12 animal	case
14	development	development	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 change	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	mark	participle			vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	form			the body	nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient
3	develop		a animal		nom development «act transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/48-life-cycles-metamorphosis/e1/