Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, butterfly, ladybird

Tests: 5 of 11 right · Exam: 0 of 4 right · Kind: plain · Understood: 10 of 15 · Run: 2026-10-18, commit f3c23ea72

Lesson 48 of the biology course of Mova's primary school, as Mova's small model took its tests: it had read this lesson and the ones before it and learned from their exercises. Each test shows the options in the order the student saw them, its choice, the right answer, the score of every option and why it chose. The lesson itself, sentence by sentence with trees and pragmatics: the lesson in the corpora.

Every question of this lesson and each of its options parsed by Mova, with trees and pragmatics: the lesson's questions in the corpora.

Test 1 · right ✓

«my ladybird's got 7 spots so she's 7 years old» What is right?

1. No, she is 7 months old — no support
2. Right, but only for girls — no support
3. The spots show the kind of ladybird, not its age — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 11
4. Right, she gets one new spot for each birthday, mate — score 7

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 3 with score 11, against 7 for the next best. Its support: lesson 48, line 14: «A ladybird's spots show its kind, not its age: a seven-spot ladybird always has about 7 spots, and the bright colours warn birds that it tastes bad.», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same doer «spots» (+5); the same action «show» (+4); the same thing acted on «kind» (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 2 · right ✓

In a cartoon a caterpillar goes into a cocoon, and the very same caterpillar crawls out with wings glued on. What really happens?

1. Most of its body breaks down and a butterfly is built from it — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 9
2. The caterpillar swaps places with a butterfly — score 3
3. Nothing changes inside, it only gets a new skin and a pair of wings — no support
4. The caterpillar just grows two pairs of wings on its back — score 3

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 1 with score 9, against 3 for the next best. Its support: lesson 48, line 10: «Inside the chrysalis most of the caterpillar breaks down into a soup, and groups of cells waiting since it hatched build wings, legs, eyes and antennae from it.», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same doer «most» (+5); the same action «break down» (+4). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 3 · wrong ✗

«there's blood under the new butterfly, it's hurt!!» What is right?

1. It is red nectar it drank — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. It is the butterfly's tears — no support
3. It is badly hurt and will probably die before it can fly — no support
4. It is meconium, leftover waste, and the butterfly is fine — ✓ the right answer · no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 4 · wrong ✗

«saw a tiny spiky alligator thing eating greenfly on the roses, kill it?» What is the best answer?

1. No, it is a ladybird larva and it eats the aphids — ✓ the right answer · score -1
2. Yes, it is a baby lizard — no support
3. No, it is a baby caterpillar — ← Mova's choice · score 6
4. Yes, it is a pest that will eat all your roses — no support

Why: It took the question to ask what it is done to. It chose option 3 with score 6, against -1 for the next best. Its support: lesson 48, line 9: «A butterfly has four stages, egg, caterpillar, chrysalis and adult; peacock and red admiral butterflies lay eggs on nettles, the food their caterpillars eat, a…», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: it fills the role the question asks for (+4); the same thing acted on «four stages» (+3). Against it: a different doer (counts against) (-1). The right option, 1, scored -1. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 5 · wrong ✗

What would happen to tadpoles in a pond kept in deep shade instead of sun?

1. They would never hatch at all — score 0
2. They would turn into toads — score 4
3. They would grow faster because they stay cool — ← Mova's choice · score 7
4. They would grow more slowly and become froglets later — ✓ the right answer · score 4

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 3 with score 7, against 4 for the next best. Its support: lesson 48, line 6: «Tadpoles hatch after about 1 to 3 weeks, breathe with gills and swim with a tail, and grow faster in warmer water.», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same property (+3); the same action «grow» (+2); the same doer «tadpoles» (+2). The right option, 4, scored 4. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 6 · wrong ✗

«tadpoles' tails just fall off one day, saw it on telly» What is right?

1. The tail slowly turns into the frog's long sticky tongue — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. Right, other tadpoles bite it off — no support
3. Right, it drops off in one go — no support
4. The tail shrinks as the body takes it apart and reuses it — ✓ the right answer · no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 7 · right ✓

«why do mayflies even bother, they live like a day» What is the clever answer?

1. They die because they forget to eat — no support
2. They live a year or more as nymphs; the adult only mates and lays eggs — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 7
3. They are all eaten by fish on their very first day of life — no support
4. They live only one day in total, from the egg to the end — score 5

Why: It took the question to ask why something happens (its cause). It chose option 2 with score 7, against 5 for the next best. Its support: lesson 48, line 15: «Mayflies live a year or more as nymphs under water, but adults live only a few hours to a day or two and have no working mouth: an adult only mates and lays eg…», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same doer «mayflies» (+3); the same action «live» (+2); the same property (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 8 · right ✓

A monarch butterfly arrives in Mexico for the first time. How did it find the way?

1. Using the Sun and an inner clock, though it has never been there — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 8
2. Its parents flew with it last year and showed it the way — no support
3. It followed a map left by other butterflies — no support
4. It asked the birds on the way — no support

Why: It took the question to ask what something is like. It chose option 1 with score 8, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 48, line 12: «Monarch butterflies from Canada and the USA fly up to about 4,000 km to a few mountain forests in Mexico for the winter, and the trip back north takes several…», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same doer «butterfly» (+3); it fills the role the question asks for (+3); the same property (+1); the same light verb (be, have, do, get, go) (+1). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 9 · wrong ✗

In a game, a grasshopper spins a chrysalis before it gets wings. What is wrong?

1. Nothing, that is right — no support
2. Grasshoppers never get wings and only ever hop about in the grass — ← Mova's choice · score 7
3. Grasshoppers hatch from frogspawn — no support
4. Grasshoppers have no pupa: nymphs moult and get wings at the end — ✓ the right answer · score 2

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 2 with score 7, against 2 for the next best. Its support: lesson 37, line 16: «Grasshoppers sing by rubbing a hind leg against a wing and crickets by rubbing their wings together; crickets have their ears on their front legs.», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same thing acted on «wings» (+5); the same doer «grasshoppers» (+2). The right option, 4, scored 2. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 10 · wrong ✗

«the polluted stream's fine for frogs, they breathe air» What is right?

1. Right, frogs only breathe through their lungs, so water can't hurt them — ← Mova's choice · score 7
2. Frogs also breathe through their skin, so dirty water harms them — ✓ the right answer · score 7
3. Frogs only live in the sea — no support
4. Right, pollution makes frogs stronger — no support

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 1 with score 7, tied with another option at 7 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 32, line 3: «Amphibian skin is thin and wet; frogs breathe partly through it and even drink through it, so they must stay damp and are hurt fast by dirty water.», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same doer «dirty water» (+5); the same action «hurt» (+4). Against it: one says «not», the other does not (counts against) (-2). The right option, 2, scored 7. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 11 · right ✓

«found 2000 frog eggs, so 2000 frogs next year, sweet» What is more likely?

1. None ever survive — no support
2. Exactly 1000 will survive — no support
3. Only a handful will become adult frogs — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 6
4. All 2000 will become frogs, if it rains — score 6

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 3 with score 6, tied with another option at 6 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 48, line 5: «A female common frog lays about 1,000 to 2,000 eggs in a jelly clump, and because most eggs and tadpoles are eaten, often only a handful become adult frogs; to…», reached through a sentence linked to the one the question matched. What matched: the same action «become» (+2); the same doer «handful» (+2); the same thing acted on «adult frogs» (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 1 · formal language · wrong ✗

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises metamorphosis?

1. The growth of a plant from a seed — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. The dormancy of an animal throughout the winter — no support
3. The seasonal migration of an animal to a warmer region for the purpose of breeding — no support
4. A marked change in the form of the body during an animal's development — ✓ the right answer · no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 2 · formal language · wrong ✗

Identify the correct order of the stages in the life of a butterfly.

1. Caterpillar, egg, adult, chrysalis — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. Chrysalis, egg, caterpillar, adult — no support
3. Egg, chrysalis, caterpillar, adult — no support
4. Egg, caterpillar, chrysalis, adult — ✓ the right answer · no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 3 · formal language · wrong ✗

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the spots of the ladybird.

1. One spot is acquired upon each anniversary of the hatching of the insect — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. The number of spots marks the species and does not vary with age — ✓ the right answer · no support
3. The spots are lost progressively as the insect ages — no support
4. The number of spots indicates the quantity of aphids consumed — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 4 · formal language · wrong ✗

Ascertain the manner in which the grasshopper attains its adult form.

1. By the development of a tadpole into an adult upon land — no support
2. By successive moults, the wingless nymph acquiring wings at the last — ✓ the right answer · no support
3. By hatching from its egg in its complete adult form, wings included — ← Mova's choice · score 4
4. By the formation of a chrysalis in which its body is rebuilt — no support

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 3 with score 4, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 37, line 17: «Desert locusts are grasshoppers that, when crowded, change colour and behaviour and form swarms of billions that eat crops.», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «form» (+2); the same doer «grasshoppers» (+2). The right option, 2, found no support in what it remembers. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/48-life-cycles-metamorphosis/