Test 7 · Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, butterfly, ladybird

«why do mayflies even bother, they live like a day» What is the clever answer?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: mayflies · What happens: bother, live, be · To what, where: clever answer · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 7 of lesson 48 «Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, butterfly, ladybird» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	9 live	punct
2	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 bother	advmod
3	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 bother	aux
4	mayflies	mayfly	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 bother	nsubj
5	even	even	ADV	_	6 bother	advmod
6	bother	bother	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 live	advcl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 bother	punct
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 live	nsubj
9	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 answer	advcl
10	like	like	ADP	_	12 day	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 day	det
12	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 live	obl
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 live	punct
14	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	18 answer	nsubj
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 answer	cop
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 answer	det
17	clever	clever	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 answer	amod
18	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	18 answer	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	bother in a quote	present · do-support	mayflies			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
2	live in a quote	present	mayflies = mayfly		day	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	be speech: assert	present		the clever answer		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

They die because they forget to eat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 die	nsubj
2	die	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	because	because	SCONJ	_	5 forget	mark
4	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 forget	nsubj
5	forget	forget	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 die	advcl
6	to	to	PART	_	7 eat	mark
7	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 forget	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	roles by
1	die	present	They	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
2	forget	present	they	tree rules
3	not eat	to-infinitive	they not said here	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They live a year or more as nymphs; the adult only mates and lays eggs

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 live	nsubj
2	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 year	det
4	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 live	obl:unmarked
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 more	cc
6	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 year	conj
7	as	as	ADP	_	8 nymphs	case
8	nymphs	nymph	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 more	obl
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 adult	punct
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 adult	det
11	adult	adult	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 live	obl
12	only	only	ADV	_	13 mates	advmod
13	mates	mate	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 adult	conj
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 lays	cc
15	lays	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 live	conj
16	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 lays	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	They	the adult and mates			year		vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	lay	present	They not said here	eggs					vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result

Option 3

They are all eaten by fish on their very first day of life

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 eaten	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 eaten	aux:pass
3	all	all	ADV	_	4 eaten	advmod
4	eaten	eat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 fish	case
6	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 eaten	obl
7	on	on	ADP	_	11 day	case
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 day	nmod:poss
9	very	very	ADV	_	10 first	advmod
10	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	11 day	amod
11	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 eaten	obl
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 life	case
13	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 day	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present · passive	fish	They			day	all property	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient

Option 4

They live only one day in total, from the egg to the end

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 live	nsubj
2	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 one	advmod
4	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 day	nummod
5	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 live	obl:unmarked
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 total	case
7	total	total	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 live	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 egg	punct
9	from	from	ADP	_	11 egg	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 egg	det
11	egg	egg	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 live	obl
12	to	to	ADP	_	14 end	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 end	det
14	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 egg	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	They			total	day	from the egg to the end	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in total=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/48-life-cycles-metamorphosis/t7/