Test 6 · Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, butterfly, ladybird

«tadpoles' tails just fall off one day, saw it on telly» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: tails, telly · What happens: fall off, see, be · To what, where: it, telly

This is test 6 of lesson 48 «Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, butterfly, ladybird» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 fall	punct
2	tadpoles	tadpole	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 tails	nmod:poss
3	'	's	PART	_	2 tadpoles	case
4	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 fall	nsubj
5	just	just	ADV	_	6 fall	advmod
6	fall	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	off	off	ADP	_	9 day	case
8	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 day	nummod
9	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fall	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 saw	punct
11	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 fall	conj
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 saw	obj
13	on	on	ADP	_	14 telly	case
14	telly	telly	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 saw	obl
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 telly	punct
16	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	18 right	nsubj
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 right	cop
18	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 telly	acl:relcl
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 fall	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall off in a quote	present	tadpoles's tails			day		vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient day=Extent
2	see in a quote	past	tadpoles's tails not said here	it	telly			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
3	is	present	telly				right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The tail slowly turns into the frog's long sticky tongue

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 tail	det
2	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 turns	nsubj
3	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	4 turns	advmod
4	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	into	into	ADP	_	11 tongue	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 frog	det
7	frog	frog	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 tongue	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 frog	case
9	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 tongue	amod
10	sticky	sticky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 tongue	amod
11	tongue	tongue	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 turns	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	present	the tail			the frog's long sticky tongue		slowly property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into tongue=Trajectory

Option 2

Right, other tadpoles bite it off

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Right	right	INTJ	_	5 bite	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 bite	punct
3	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 tadpoles	amod
4	tadpoles	tadpole	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 bite	nsubj
5	bite	bite	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 bite	obj
7	off	off	ADP	_	5 bite	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bite off	present	other tadpoles	it					vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient

Option 3

Right, it drops off in one go

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Right	right	INTJ	_	4 drops	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 drops	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 drops	nsubj
4	drops	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	off	off	ADP	_	4 drops	compound:prt
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 go	case
7	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 go	nummod
8	go	go	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 drops	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drop off	present	it			one go			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in go=Trajectory

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The tail shrinks as the body takes it apart and reuses it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 tail	det
2	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shrinks	nsubj
3	shrinks	shrink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	as	as	SCONJ	_	7 takes	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 body	det
6	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 takes	nsubj
7	takes	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 shrinks	advcl
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 takes	obj
9	apart	apart	ADV	_	7 takes	advmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 reuses	cc
11	reuses	reuse	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 shrinks	conj
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 reuses	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	shrink	present	the tail			vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	take	present	the body	tail	apart property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
3	reuse	present	the tail not said here	tail		vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Asset

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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