Test 2 · Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, butterfly, ladybird

In a cartoon a caterpillar goes into a cocoon, and the very same caterpillar crawls out with wings glued on. What really happens?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: caterpillar, same caterpillar · What happens: go, crawl out, glue on, happen · To what, where: cartoon, wings

This is test 2 of lesson 48 «Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, butterfly, ladybird» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a caterpillar goes into a cocoon, and the very same caterpillar crawls out with wings glued on.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 goes	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 caterpillar	det
5	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 goes	nsubj
6	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	into	into	ADP	_	9 cocoon	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 cocoon	det
9	cocoon	cocoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 goes	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 crawls	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 crawls	cc
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 caterpillar	det
13	very	very	ADV	_	14 same	advmod
14	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 caterpillar	amod
15	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 crawls	nsubj
16	crawls	crawl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 goes	conj
17	out	out	ADP	_	16 crawls	compound:prt
18	with	with	ADP	_	19 wings	case
19	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 crawls	obl
20	glued	glue	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	19 wings	acl
21	on	on	ADP	_	20 glued	compound:prt
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 goes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	go	present	a caterpillar		a cartoon	into a cocoon	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into cocoon=Initial_Location
2	crawl out	present	the same caterpillar			with wings	vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «PP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with wing=Theme
3	glue on	participle		wings not said here			vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What really happens?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happens	nsubj
2	really	really	ADV	_	3 happens	advmod
3	happens	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happens	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	present							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Most of its body breaks down and a butterfly is built from it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 breaks	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 body	case
3	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 body	nmod:poss
4	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Most	nmod
5	breaks	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	down	down	ADP	_	5 breaks	compound:prt
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 built	cc
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 butterfly	det
9	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 built	nsubj:pass
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 built	aux:pass
11	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 breaks	conj
12	from	from	ADP	_	13 it	case
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 built	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break down	present	Most of its body						vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	build	present · passive		a butterfly		body			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from it=Material

Option 2

The caterpillar swaps places with a butterfly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 caterpillar	det
2	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 swaps	nsubj
3	swaps	swap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 swaps	obj
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 butterfly	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 butterfly	det
7	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 swaps	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swap	present	the caterpillar	places				with a butterfly	vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent place=Theme with butterfly=Co-Agent

Option 3

Nothing changes inside, it only gets a new skin and a pair of wings

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 changes	nsubj
2	changes	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	inside	inside	ADV	_	2 changes	advmod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 gets	punct
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 gets	nsubj
6	only	only	ADV	_	7 gets	advmod
7	gets	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 changes	parataxis
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 skin	det
9	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 skin	amod
10	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 gets	obj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 pair	cc
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 pair	det
13	pair	pair	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 skin	conj
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 wings	case
15	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 pair	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	present	Nothing					inside property	vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	get	present	it	a new skin and a pair of wings					vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer skin=Stimulus

Option 4

The caterpillar just grows two pairs of wings on its back

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 caterpillar	det
2	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 grows	nsubj
3	just	just	ADV	_	4 grows	advmod
4	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 pairs	nummod
6	pairs	pair	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 grows	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 wings	case
8	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 pairs	nmod
9	on	on	ADP	_	11 back	case
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 back	nmod:poss
11	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 grows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	the caterpillar	two pairs of wings		caterpillar's back			vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location pair=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/48-life-cycles-metamorphosis/t2/