Test 1 · How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry

my cartoon chameleon turned tartan on a tartan rug and vanished. real?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: cartoon chameleon · What happens: turn, vanish · To what, where: tartan, tartan rug, real

This is test 1 of lesson 51 «How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 chameleon	nmod:poss
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 chameleon	compound
3	chameleon	chameleon	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 turned	nsubj
4	turned	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	tartan	tartan	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 turned	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	9 rug	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 rug	det
8	tartan	tartan	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 rug	amod
9	rug	rug	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 turned	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 vanished	cc
11	vanished	vanish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 turned	conj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 real	punct
13	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 vanished	obl
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 turned	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	past	my cartoon chameleon	tartan		a tartan rug			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tartan=Theme
2	vanish	past	my cartoon chameleon not said here	real					vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

No, chameleons never change colour at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 change	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	chameleons	chameleon	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 change	nsubj
4	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	5 change	advmod
5	change	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 change	obj
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 all	case
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 change	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not change	present	chameleons	colour		all			vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient

Option 2

Yes, but only red and green tartan, not the blue sort

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 red	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 red	punct
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	5 red	cc
4	only	only	ADV	_	5 red	advmod
5	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 tartan	cc
7	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 tartan	amod
8	tartan	tartan	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 red	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 sort	punct
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	13 sort	advmod
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 sort	det
12	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 sort	amod
13	sort	sort	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 red	conj

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

Yes, they copy any pattern they sit on

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 copy	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 copy	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 copy	nsubj
4	copy	copy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	6 pattern	det
6	pattern	pattern	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 copy	obj
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 sit	nsubj
8	sit	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 pattern	acl:relcl
9	on	on	ADP	_	4 copy	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	copy	present	they	any pattern					vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pattern=Theme
2	sit on	present	they	any pattern not said here					vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location pattern=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

No, they can't copy patterns; colour changes mostly for mood and warmth

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 copy	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 copy	nsubj
4	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 copy	aux
5	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 copy	advmod
6	copy	copy	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	patterns	pattern	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 copy	obj
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 changes	punct
9	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 changes	nsubj
10	changes	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 copy	conj
11	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	10 changes	advmod
12	for	for	ADP	_	13 mood	case
13	mood	mood	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 changes	obl
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 warmth	cc
15	warmth	warmth	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 mood	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not copy	can	they	patterns					vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pattern=Theme
2	change	present	colour					for mood and warmth; mostly property	vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/51-how-animals-hide/t1/