Test 6 · ★ · How animals hunt

Why does a fish in water look like it is in a slightly different place from where it really is?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: fish, different place · What happens: do, look, be · To what, where: fish, water

This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 52 «How animals hunt» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	2 does	advmod
2	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 look	advcl
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 fish	det
4	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 does	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 water	case
6	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 does	obl
7	look	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	like	like	ADP	_	15 place	case
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 place	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 place	cop
11	in	in	ADP	_	15 place	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 place	det
13	slightly	slightly	ADV	_	14 different	advmod
14	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 place	amod
15	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 look	obl
16	from	from	ADP	_	17 where	case
17	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	15 place	acl
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 is	nsubj
19	really	really	ADV	_	20 is	advmod
20	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 where	cop
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 look	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	do	present		a fish	water		vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Eventuality
2	look	present					vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
3	is	present	fish			like a different place	tree rules
4	is	present	a different place not said here			where property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Water bends the light coming from the fish

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 bends	nsubj
2	bends	bend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 light	det
4	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 bends	obj
5	coming	come	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 light	acl
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 fish	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 fish	det
8	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 coming	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bend	present	Water	the light					vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent light=Material
2	come	gerund	the light not said here					from the fish	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from fish=Initial_Location

Option 2

Fish make themselves partly see-through

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 make	nsubj
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	2 make	obj
4	partly	partly	ADV	_	5 see	advmod
5	see	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 make	conj
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	7 through	punct
7	through	thorough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 see	compound

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Fish	Fish					vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Product
2	see	present	Fish not said here					partly property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Option 3

The fish moves the moment you look at it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 fish	det
2	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 moves	nsubj
3	moves	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 moment	det
5	moment	moment	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 moves	obj
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 look	nsubj
7	look	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 moment	acl:relcl
8	at	at	ADP	_	9 it	case
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 look	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	move	present	the fish				moment		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
2	look	present	you	the moment not said here				at fish	vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme moment=Attribute

Option 4

Your eyes are tired from the sun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 eyes	nmod:poss
2	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 tired	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 tired	cop
4	tired	tired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 sun	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 sun	det
7	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 tired	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Your eyes			the sun		tired property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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