Test 7 · ★ · How animals hunt

Why would a glowing lure be a great trap in the deep sea but not in a sunny pond?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: glowing lure · What happens: glow, be · To what, where: great trap, deep sea

This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 52 «How animals hunt» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	9 trap	advmod
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 trap	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 lure	det
4	glowing	glow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 lure	amod
5	lure	lure	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 trap	nsubj
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 trap	cop
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 trap	det
8	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 trap	amod
9	trap	trap	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
10	in	in	ADP	_	13 sea	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 sea	det
12	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 sea	amod
13	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 trap	nmod
14	but	but	CCONJ	_	19 pond	cc
15	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	19 pond	advmod
16	in	in	ADP	_	19 pond	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 pond	det
18	sunny	sunny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 pond	amod
19	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 sea	conj
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	9 trap	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	glow	gerund							vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is a	would	a glowing lure	a great trap		the deep sea but a sunny pond			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Deep-sea fish are all blind

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sea	amod
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 Deep	punct
3	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fish	compound
4	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 blind	nsubj
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 blind	cop
6	all	all	ADV	_	7 blind	advmod
7	blind	blind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	sea fish					all, blind property	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

In total darkness light stands out, but in sunlight nobody notices it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 darkness	case
2	total	total	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 darkness	amod
3	darkness	darkness	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stands	obl
4	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stands	nsubj
5	stands	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	out	out	ADP	_	5 stands	compound:prt
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 notices	punct
8	but	but	CCONJ	_	12 notices	cc
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 sunlight	case
10	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 notices	obl
11	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	12 notices	nsubj
12	notices	notice	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 stands	conj
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 notices	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand out	present	light			total darkness			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in darkness=Location
2	notice	present	nobody	light		sunlight			vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus

Option 3

Pond water stops light from glowing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 water	compound
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stops	nsubj
3	stops	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stops	obj
5	from	from	SCONJ	_	6 glowing	mark
6	glowing	glow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 stops	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	present	Pond water	light					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality light=Eventuality
2	glow	gerund	Pond water not said here						vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Pond fish are scared of all lights, even very small ones, and swim away

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 fish	compound
2	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 scared	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 scared	cop
4	scared	scared	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 lights	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 lights	det
7	lights	light	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 scared	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 ones	punct
9	even	even	ADV	_	12 ones	advmod
10	very	very	ADV	_	11 small	advmod
11	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 ones	amod
12	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 scared	conj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 swim	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 swim	cc
15	swim	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 scared	conj
16	away	away	ADV	_	15 swim	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Pond fish					of all lights; scared property	tree rules
2	swim away	infinitive	Pond fish not said here					away property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/52-how-animals-hunt/t7/