Test 8 · ★ · How animals hunt

Why can a big python go weeks without eating when a tiny shrew must eat every few hours?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: big python, tiny shrew · What happens: go, eat

This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 52 «How animals hunt» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 go	advmod
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 go	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 python	det
4	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 python	amod
5	python	python	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 go	nsubj
6	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	weeks	week	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 go	obl:unmarked
8	without	without	SCONJ	_	9 eating	mark
9	eating	eat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 go	advcl
10	when	when	SCONJ	_	15 eat	mark
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 shrew	det
12	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 shrew	amod
13	shrew	shrew	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 eat	nsubj
14	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 eat	aux
15	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 eating	advcl
16	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	18 hours	det
17	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 hours	amod
18	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 eat	obl:unmarked
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 go	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	roles by
1	go	can	a big python	week	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	eat	gerund	a big python not said here		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	eat	must	a tiny shrew	hour	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Shrews have no stomach

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Shrews	shrew	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 stomach	det
4	stomach	stomach	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Shrews	no stomach					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stomach=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Waiting still uses very little energy, while a shrew burns it fast

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Waiting	wait	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 uses	nsubj
2	still	still	ADV	_	3 uses	advmod
3	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	very	very	ADV	_	5 little	advmod
5	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 energy	amod
6	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 uses	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 burns	punct
8	while	while	SCONJ	_	11 burns	mark
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 shrew	det
10	shrew	shrew	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 burns	nsubj
11	burns	burn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 uses	conj
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 burns	obj
13	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	11 burns	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	wait	gerund					vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	use	present		little energy	still		vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Patient
3	burn	present	a shrew	energy		fast property	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 3

Pythons eat sunlight like plants

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pythons	python	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 eat	nsubj
2	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 eat	obj
4	like	like	ADP	_	5 plants	case
5	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 eat	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present	Pythons	sunlight				like plants	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sunlight=Patient

Option 4

Pythons store spare food in their long tails, like a camel's hump

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pythons	python	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 store	nsubj
2	store	store	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	spare	spare	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 food	amod
4	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 store	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 tails	case
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 tails	nmod:poss
7	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 tails	amod
8	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 store	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 hump	punct
10	like	like	ADP	_	14 hump	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 camel	det
12	camel	camel	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 hump	nmod:poss
13	's	's	PART	_	12 camel	case
14	hump	hump	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 store	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	store	present	Pythons	spare food		Pythons's long tails		like a camel's hump	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent food=Theme in tail=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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