Test 6 · How animals defend themselves

Why should you never pick up a lizard by its tail?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: not pick up · To what, where: lizard

This is test 6 of lesson 53 «How animals defend themselves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 pick	advmod
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 pick	aux
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	5 pick	nsubj
4	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	5 pick	advmod
5	pick	pick	VERB	Mood=Ind Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	up	up	ADP	_	5 pick	compound:prt
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 lizard	det
8	lizard	lizard	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 pick	obj
9	by	by	ADP	_	11 tail	case
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 tail	nmod:poss
11	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 pick	obl
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 pick	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not pick up	should	you	a lizard				by lizard's tail	vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lizard=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It may drop the tail, and growing a new one costs it a lot

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 drop	nsubj
2	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 drop	aux
3	drop	drop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 tail	det
5	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drop	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 costs	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 costs	cc
8	growing	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	12 costs	csubj
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 one	det
10	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 one	amod
11	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 growing	obj
12	costs	cost	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 drop	parataxis
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 costs	obj
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 lot	det
15	lot	lot	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 costs	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	drop	may	It	the tail	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Theme
2	grow	gerund		a new one	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location one=Theme
3	cost	present	growing	tail	vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Theme it=Beneficiary lot=Value

Option 2

The tail is where its heart is

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 tail	det
2	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 where	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 where	cop
4	where	where	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 heart	nmod:poss
6	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 where	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 where	cop

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the tail					where property	tree rules

Option 3

Its tail is poisonous to touch and will burn your hand

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 tail	nmod:poss
2	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 poisonous	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 poisonous	cop
4	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 touch	mark
6	touch	touch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 poisonous	advcl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 burn	cc
8	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 burn	aux
9	burn	burn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 poisonous	conj
10	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 hand	nmod:poss
11	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 burn	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	Its tail		poisonous property	tree rules
2	touch	to-infinitive	Its tail not said here			vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	burn	future	Its tail not said here	your hand		vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent hand=Theme

Option 4

It will turn into a snake

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 turn	nsubj
2	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 turn	aux
3	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	into	into	ADP	_	6 snake	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 snake	det
6	snake	snake	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turn	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	future	It					into a snake result	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into snake=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/53-how-animals-defend-themselves/t6/