Test 7 · How animals defend themselves

mate says squid ink's just them pooing in fright. right?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mate, them · What happens: say, poo · To what, where: squid ink, fright · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 7 of lesson 53 «How animals defend themselves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	squid	squid	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 ink	compound
4	ink	ink	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 says	obj
5	's	's	PART	_	4 ink	case
6	just	just	ADV	_	8 pooing	advmod
7	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 pooing	nsubj
8	pooing	poo	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 says	ccomp
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 fright	case
10	fright	fright	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 pooing	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 pooing	punct
12	right	right	INTJ	_	8 pooing	discourse
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	mate	squid ink					tree rules
2	poo	gerund	them = they			fright			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

No, it's blood from a cut

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 blood	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 blood	nsubj
4	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 blood	cop
5	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 cut	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 cut	det
8	cut	cut	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 blood	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	it	blood		a cut			tree rules

Option 2

Yes, it's what they had for dinner

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 what	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 what	nsubj
4	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 what	cop
5	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
6	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 had	nsubj
7	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 what	acl:relcl
8	for	for	ADP	_	9 dinner	case
9	dinner	dinner	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 had	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	it						tree rules
2	have	past	they					for dinner	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, they only squirt it when they're ill or really scared of something

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 squirt	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 squirt	nsubj
4	only	only	ADV	_	5 squirt	advmod
5	squirt	squirt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 squirt	obj
7	when	when	SCONJ	_	10 ill	mark
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 ill	nsubj
9	're	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 ill	cop
10	ill	ill	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 squirt	advcl
11	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 scared	cc
12	really	really	ADV	_	13 scared	advmod
13	scared	scared	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 ill	conj
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 something	case
15	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	13 scared	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	squirt	present	they	it		vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	is	present	they		ill property	tree rules
3	be		they not said here		of something	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

No, it is a defence: a dark cloud to hide behind

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 defence	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 defence	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 defence	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 defence	det
6	defence	defence	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 cloud	punct
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 cloud	det
9	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 cloud	amod
10	cloud	cloud	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 defence	appos
11	to	to	PART	_	12 hide	mark
12	hide	hide	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 cloud	acl
13	behind	behind	ADV	_	12 hide	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	it	a defence					tree rules
2	hide behind	to-infinitive						behind property	vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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