Exam question 3 · Seeds and fruit and how they travel

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the dispersal of the coconut.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, disperse · To what, where: response, dispersal, coconut

This is exam question 3 of lesson 59 «Seeds and fruit and how they travel» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 dispersal	det
11	dispersal	dispersal	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 coconut	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 coconut	det
14	coconut	coconut	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 dispersal	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the dispersal of the coconut		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus dispersal=Experiencer
4	disperse			the coconut		nom dispersal «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is flung explosively from the palm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 flung	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 flung	aux:pass
3	flung	fling	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	explosively	explosively	ADV	_	3 flung	advmod
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 palm	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 palm	det
7	palm	palm	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 flung	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fling	present · passive		It		the palm		explosively property	vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: subject=Theme from palm=Initial_Location

Option 2

It is buried by squirrels in the sand

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 buried	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 buried	aux:pass
3	buried	bury	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 squirrels	case
5	squirrels	squirrel	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 buried	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 sand	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 sand	det
8	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 buried	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bury	present · passive	squirrels	It		the sand			vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Theme in sand=Destination

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It is carried by the sea, the fibrous husk affording buoyancy

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 carried	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 carried	aux:pass
3	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 sea	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 sea	det
6	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 carried	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 husk	punct
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 husk	det
9	fibrous	fibrous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 husk	amod
10	husk	husk	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 carried	conj
11	affording	afford	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 husk	acl
12	buoyancy	buoyancy	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 affording	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	present · passive	the sea	It					vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
2	afford	gerund	the fibrous husk not said here	buoyancy					tree rules

Option 4

It is carried by birds that consume the entire fruit and its husk

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 carried	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 carried	aux:pass
3	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 birds	case
5	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 carried	obl
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 consume	nsubj
7	consume	consume	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 birds	acl:relcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 fruit	det
9	entire	entire	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 fruit	amod
10	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 consume	obj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 husk	cc
12	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 husk	nmod:poss
13	husk	husk	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 fruit	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	present · passive	birds	It					vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
2	consume	present	birds	the entire fruit and its husk					vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fruit=Asset

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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