Test 7 · ★★★ · Trees

How could you use a pine cone to tell the weather?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: use, tell · To what, where: pine cone, weather · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 7 · ★★★ of lesson 60 «Trees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	4 use	advmod
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 use	aux
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 use	nsubj
4	use	use	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 cone	det
6	pine	pine	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 cone	compound
7	cone	cone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 use	obj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 tell	mark
9	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 use	advcl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 weather	det
11	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 tell	obj
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 use	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	could	you	a pine cone					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cone=Patient
2	tell speech: assert	to-infinitive	you not said here	the weather					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent weather=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It turns blue before it rains

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 turns	nsubj
2	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 turns	xcomp
4	before	before	SCONJ	_	6 rains	mark
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 rains	nsubj
6	rains	rain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 turns	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	present	It					blue property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
2	rain	present	it						vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Open scales mean dry air, closed scales mean damp air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 scales	amod
2	scales	scale	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 mean	nsubj
3	mean	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 air	amod
5	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 mean	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 mean	punct
7	closed	close	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 scales	amod
8	scales	scale	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 mean	nsubj
9	mean	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 mean	conj
10	damp	damp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 air	amod
11	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 mean	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	mean	present	Open scales	dry air	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Topic
2	close	participle			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	mean	present	closed scales	damp air	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Topic

Option 3

It falls off the tree when snow is on the way, a day early

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 falls	nsubj
2	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	off	off	ADP	_	5 tree	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 tree	det
5	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 falls	obl
6	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	11 way	advmod
7	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 way	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 way	cop
9	on	on	ADP	_	11 way	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 way	det
11	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 falls	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 day	punct
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 day	det
14	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 falls	obl
15	early	early	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 falls	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall off	present	It	the tree			day	early property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient tree=Extent
2	is	present	snow			the way			tree rules

Option 4

It ticks like a clock in the sun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 ticks	nsubj
2	ticks	tick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	like	like	ADP	_	5 clock	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 clock	det
5	clock	clock	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 ticks	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 sun	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 sun	det
8	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 ticks	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tick	present	It			the sun		like a clock	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sun=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/60-trees/t7/