Exam question 4 · Microbes: bacteria and viruses, good and bad

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the bacteria of the human gut.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, bacteria

This is exam question 4 of lesson 63 «Microbes: bacteria and viruses, good and bad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 bacteria	det
11	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	15 gut	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 gut	det
14	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 gut	amod
15	gut	gut	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 bacteria	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the bacteria of the human gut		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus bacterium=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They are few in number and wholly harmful

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 few	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 few	cop
3	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 number	case
5	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 few	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 harmful	cc
7	wholly	wholly	ADV	_	8 harmful	advmod
8	harmful	harmful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 few	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They			number		few property	tree rules
2	be		They not said here					wholly property	tree rules

Option 2

They are present only during illness

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 present	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 present	cop
3	present	present	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	6 illness	advmod
5	during	during	ADP	_	6 illness	case
6	illness	illness	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 present	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They				during illness	present property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

They number some tens of trillions and are mostly beneficial

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 number	nsubj
2	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	4 tens	det
4	tens	ten	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 number	nmod
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 trillions	case
6	trillions	trillion	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 tens	nmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 beneficial	cc
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 beneficial	cop
9	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	10 beneficial	advmod
10	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 tens	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						beneficial, mostly property	tree rules

Option 4

They are identical to viruses in their size and in their manner of life

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 identical	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 identical	cop
3	identical	identical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 viruses	case
5	viruses	virus	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 identical	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 size	case
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 size	nmod:poss
8	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 viruses	nmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 manner	cc
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 manner	case
11	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 manner	nmod:poss
12	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 size	conj
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 life	case
14	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 manner	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They					to viruses in viruses's size and size's manner of life; identical property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/63-microbes-bacteria-and-viruses/e4/