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Exam question 3 · Microbes: bacteria and viruses, good and bad

It is given that milk is left at room temperature for one day. Ascertain the principal cause of its souring.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, cause · What happens: give, leave, ascertain, cause, sour · To what, where: It, milk, room temperature, principal cause, souring

This is exam question 3 of lesson 63 «Microbes: bacteria and viruses, good and bad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that milk is left at room temperature for one day.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	5 milk	det
5	milk	milk	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 left	nsubj:pass
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 left	aux:pass
7	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	ccomp
8	at	at	ADP	_	10 temperature	case
9	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 temperature	compound
10	temperature	temperature	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 left	obl
11	for	for	ADP	_	13 day	case
12	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 day	nummod
13	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 left	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					tree rules
2	leave	present · passive		that milk		room temperature	day		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme at temperature=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Ascertain the principal cause of its souring.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 cause	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 cause	amod
4	cause	cause	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 souring	case
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 souring	nmod:poss
7	souring	souring	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cause	nmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the principal cause of cause's souring					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cause=Topic
2	cause			cause's souring					nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient
3	sour		cause						nom souring «process intransitive»: poss=agent

The options

Option 1

The absorption of oxygen by the sugar

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 absorption	det
2	absorption	absorption	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 oxygen	case
4	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 absorption	nmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 sugar	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 sugar	det
7	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 absorption	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	absorb		the sugar	oxygen					nom absorption «process transitive»: of=patient by=agent

Option 2

The evaporation of water from the milk

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 evaporation	det
2	evaporation	evaporation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 water	case
4	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 evaporation	nmod
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 milk	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 milk	det
7	milk	milk	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 evaporation	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	evaporate			water		the milk			nom evaporation «process transitive»: of=patient from=place

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The multiplication of bacteria producing acid

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 multiplication	det
2	multiplication	multiplication	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 bacteria	case
4	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 multiplication	nmod
5	producing	produce	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 bacteria	acl
6	acid	acid	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 producing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	produce	gerund	bacteria not said here	acid					vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent acid=Result
2	multiply		bacteria						nom multiplication «act intransitive»: of=agent

Option 4

The action of light upon the fat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 action	det
2	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 light	case
4	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 action	nmod
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 fat	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 fat	det
7	fat	fat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 action	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	act		light					upon the fat	nom action «act intransitive»: of=agent upon=obl

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/63-microbes-bacteria-and-viruses/e3/