Test 10 · Cells, bones and muscles

Why does a broken arm need a cast for weeks?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: broken arm · What happens: break, need · To what, where: cast

This is test 10 of lesson 64 «Cells, bones and muscles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 need	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 need	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 arm	det
4	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 arm	amod
5	arm	arm	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 need	nsubj
6	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 cast	det
8	cast	cast	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 need	obj
9	for	for	ADP	_	10 weeks	case
10	weeks	week	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 need	obl
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 need	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break	participle							vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
2	need	present · do-support	a broken arm	a cast			week		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot cast=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Living bone mends itself slowly and must be kept still

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Living	living	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 bone	amod
2	bone	bone	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 mends	nsubj
3	mends	mend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	3 mends	obj
5	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	3 mends	advmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 kept	cc
7	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 kept	aux
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 kept	aux:pass
9	kept	keep	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 mends	conj
10	still	still	ADV	_	9 kept	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mend	present	Living bone	bone				slowly property	tree rules
2	keep	must · passive	Living bone not said here				still		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»

Option 2

The cast keeps germs out of the bone only

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cast	det
2	cast	cast	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 keeps	nsubj
3	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	germs	germ	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 keeps	obj
5	out	out	ADP	_	8 bone	case
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 bone	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 bone	det
8	bone	bone	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 keeps	obl
9	only	only	ADV	_	3 keeps	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	the cast	germs		the bone			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent germ=Theme out bone=Location

Option 3

Bones never mend, so the cast stays for life

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 mend	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 mend	advmod
3	mend	mend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 stays	punct
5	so	so	ADV	_	8 stays	advmod
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 cast	det
7	cast	cast	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 stays	nsubj
8	stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 mend	conj
9	for	for	ADP	_	10 life	case
10	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 stays	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not mend	present	Bones						tree rules
2	stay	present	the cast					for life	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

The cast makes new bone out of plaster

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cast	det
2	cast	cast	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	nsubj
3	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 bone	amod
5	bone	bone	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	obj
6	out	out	ADP	_	8 plaster	case
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 plaster	case
8	plaster	plaster	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	the cast	new bone		plaster			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bone=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/64-cells-bones-and-muscles/t10/