Test 11 · Cells, bones and muscles
In a game a hero's broken bone heals by eating one apple. What really happens?
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · What happens: break, heal, eat, happen · To what, where: game, one apple
This is test 11 of lesson 64 «Cells, bones and muscles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: In a game a hero's broken bone heals by eating one apple.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 game | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 game | det |
| 3 | game | game | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 heals | obl |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 hero | det |
| 5 | hero | hero | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 bone | nmod:poss |
| 6 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 5 hero | case |
| 7 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 bone | amod |
| 8 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 game | nmod |
| 9 | heals | heal | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 11 eating | mark |
| 11 | eating | eat | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 heals | advcl |
| 12 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 13 apple | nummod |
| 13 | apple | apple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 eating | obj |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 heals | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | break | participle | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 2 | heal | present | a game a hero's broken bone | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 3 | eat | gerund | one apple | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apple=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What really happens?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 happens | nsubj |
| 2 | really | really | ADV | _ | 3 happens | advmod |
| 3 | happens | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 happens | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | present | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
The options
Option 1
The broken bone is pushed out and a new one grows in its place
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 bone | det |
| 2 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 bone | amod |
| 3 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 pushed | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 pushed | aux:pass |
| 5 | pushed | push | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | out | out | ADP | _ | 5 pushed | compound:prt |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 grows | cc |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 one | det |
| 9 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 one | amod |
| 10 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 grows | nsubj |
| 11 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 pushed | conj |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 place | case |
| 13 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 place | nmod:poss |
| 14 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 grows | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | break | participle | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 2 | push out | present · passive | the broken bone | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 3 | grow | present | a new one | bone's place | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in place=Location |
Option 2
The bone heals in a second with food
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 bone | det |
| 2 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 heals | nsubj |
| 3 | heals | heal | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 second | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 second | det |
| 6 | second | second | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 heals | obl |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 food | case |
| 8 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 heals | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | heal | present | the bone | second | with food | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with food=Instrument |
Option 3
Bones never heal once broken
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bones | bone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 heal | nsubj |
| 2 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 3 heal | advmod |
| 3 | heal | heal | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 3 heal | advmod |
| 5 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 heal | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not heal | present | Bones | once property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | break | participle | Bones not said here | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Bone cells slowly rebuild the break over several weeks
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 cells | compound |
| 2 | cells | cell | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 rebuild | nsubj |
| 3 | slowly | slowly | ADV | _ | 4 rebuild | advmod |
| 4 | rebuild | rebuild | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 break | det |
| 6 | break | break | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 rebuild | obj |
| 7 | over | over | ADP | _ | 9 weeks | case |
| 8 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 weeks | amod |
| 9 | weeks | week | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 rebuild | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rebuild | present | Bone cells | the break | week | slowly property | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent break=Result |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/64-cells-bones-and-muscles/t11/