Exam question 3 · The heart and blood
Ascertain the principal finding published by William Harvey in the year 1628.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, principal · What happens: ascertain, find, publish · To what, where: principal
This is exam question 3 of lesson 65 «The heart and blood» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ascertain | ascertain | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 principal | det |
| 3 | principal | principal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Ascertain | obj |
| 4 | finding | find | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 principal | acl |
| 5 | published | publish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 finding | xcomp |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 William | case |
| 7 | William | William | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 published | obl:agent |
| 8 | Harvey | Harvey | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 William | flat |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 year | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 year | det |
| 11 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 published | obl |
| 12 | 1628 | 1628 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 11 year | flat |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Ascertain | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ascertain | imperative | you not said here | the principal | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent principal=Topic | ||||
| 2 | find | gerund | the principal not said here | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | publish | participle | the principal not said here | year | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
The arteries contain only air
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 arteries | det |
| 2 | arteries | artery | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 contain | nsubj |
| 3 | contain | contain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | only | only | ADV | _ | 5 air | advmod |
| 5 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 contain | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | contain | present | the arteries | air | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot air=Theme |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
Blood circulates continuously around the body
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 circulates | nsubj |
| 2 | circulates | circulate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | continuously | continuously | ADV | _ | 2 circulates | advmod |
| 4 | around | around | ADP | _ | 6 body | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 body | det |
| 6 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 circulates | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | circulate | present | Blood | the body | continuously property | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around body=Location |
Option 3
The heart is the seat of thought and of the passions
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 heart | det |
| 2 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 seat | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 seat | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 seat | det |
| 5 | seat | seat | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 thought | case |
| 7 | thought | thought | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 seat | nmod |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 passions | cc |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 passions | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 passions | det |
| 11 | passions | passion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 seat | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the heart | the seat and the passions | of thought | tree rules |
Option 4
Blood is manufactured afresh in the liver
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 manufactured | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 manufactured | aux:pass |
| 3 | manufactured | manufacture | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | afresh | afresh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 manufactured | xcomp |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 liver | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 liver | det |
| 7 | liver | liver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 manufactured | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | manufacture | present · passive | Blood | the liver | afresh property | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/65-the-heart-and-blood/e3/