Test 3 · ★ · The heart and blood

What would happen if a valve in the heart did not close properly?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: valve · What happens: happen, not close

This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 65 «The heart and blood» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	12 close	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 valve	det
6	valve	valve	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 close	nsubj
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 heart	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 heart	det
9	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 valve	nmod
10	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 close	aux
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 close	advmod
12	close	close	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 happen	advcl
13	properly	properly	ADV	_	12 close	advmod
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	would							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	not close a condition, not said to happen	past · do-support	a valve in the heart					properly property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The blood would turn blue

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 blood	det
2	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 turn	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 turn	aux
4	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 turn	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	would	the blood					blue property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Some blood would leak backwards and the heart would work harder

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	2 blood	det
2	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 leak	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 leak	aux
4	leak	leak	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	backwards	backwards	ADV	_	4 leak	advmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 work	cc
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 heart	det
8	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 work	nsubj
9	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 work	aux
10	work	work	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 leak	conj
11	harder	hard	ADV	Degree=Cmp	10 work	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leak	would	some blood					backwards property	vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source
2	work	would	the heart					hard property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

The heart would pump twice as well

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 heart	det
2	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pump	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 pump	aux
4	pump	pump	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	twice	twice	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	4 pump	advmod
6	as	as	ADV	ExtPos=ADV	4 pump	advmod
7	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 as	fixed

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pump	would	the heart					twice property	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Nothing at all, valves are not really needed, they are just spare parts

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 valves	compound
2	at	at	ADP	_	3 all	case
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	1 Nothing	nmod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
5	valves	valve	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 needed	nsubj:pass
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 needed	aux:pass
7	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 needed	advmod
8	really	really	ADV	_	9 needed	advmod
9	needed	need	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 parts	punct
11	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 parts	nsubj
12	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 parts	cop
13	just	just	ADV	_	15 parts	advmod
14	spare	spare	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 parts	amod
15	parts	part	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 needed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not need	present · passive		Nothing valves					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme
2	is a	present	valves = valve	spare parts					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/65-the-heart-and-blood/t3/