Exam question 1 · Senses: nose, tongue and skin

Identify the principal reason for which food appears tasteless when the nasal passages are obstructed.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, food · What happens: identify, appear, obstruct · To what, where: principal reason, nasal passages

This is exam question 1 of lesson 70 «Senses: nose, tongue and skin» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 appears	obl
7	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 appears	nsubj
8	appears	appear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 reason	acl
9	tasteless	tasteless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 appears	xcomp
10	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	15 obstructed	advmod
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 passages	det
12	nasal	nasal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 passages	amod
13	passages	passage	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 obstructed	nsubj:pass
14	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 obstructed	aux:pass
15	obstructed	obstruct	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 appears	advcl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	appear	present	food		for the principal reason; tasteless property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	obstruct	present · passive		the nasal passages		vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The food loses its chemical content

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 food	det
2	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 loses	nsubj
3	loses	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 content	nmod:poss
5	chemical	chemical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 content	amod
6	content	content	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 loses	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	present	the food	food's chemical content					vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent content=Eventuality

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Flavour depends largely upon smell, which cannot reach the smell cells

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Flavour	flavour	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 depends	nsubj
2	depends	depend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	largely	largely	ADV	_	2 depends	advmod
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	5 smell	case
5	smell	smell	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 depends	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 reach	punct
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 reach	nsubj
8	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 reach	aux
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 reach	advmod
10	reach	reach	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 smell	acl:relcl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 cells	det
12	smell	smell	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 cells	compound
13	cells	cell	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 reach	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	depend	present	Flavour					upon smell; largely property	vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent
2	not reach	can	smell	the smell cells					vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent cell=Theme

Option 3

The saliva is no longer produced

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 saliva	det
2	saliva	saliva	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 produced	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 produced	aux:pass
4	no	no	ADV	_	5 longer	advmod
5	longer	long	ADV	Degree=Cmp	6 produced	advmod
6	produced	produce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	produce	present · passive		the saliva				long property	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result

Option 4

The taste buds cease to function whenever the nasal passages are obstructed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 buds	det
2	taste	taste	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 buds	compound
3	buds	bud	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 cease	nsubj
4	cease	cease	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 function	mark
6	function	function	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 cease	xcomp
7	whenever	whenever	ADV	PronType=Rel	6 function	advmod
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 passages	det
9	nasal	nasal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 passages	amod
10	passages	passage	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 obstructed	nsubj:pass
11	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 obstructed	aux:pass
12	obstructed	obstruct	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 whenever	advcl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	cease	present	the taste buds			vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
2	function	to-infinitive	the taste buds not said here		whenever property	vn function-105.2.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	obstruct	present · passive		the nasal passages		vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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