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Test 7 · Growing: teeth, height, hair, nails, from baby to grown-up

Mum says your new school shoes already pinch after one year. What is the most likely reason?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Mum, new school shoes, likely reason · What happens: say, pinch, be · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 7 of lesson 71 «Growing: teeth, height, hair, nails, from baby to grown-up» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Mum says your new school shoes already pinch after one year.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 shoes	nmod:poss
4	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 shoes	amod
5	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 shoes	compound
6	shoes	shoe	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 pinch	nsubj
7	already	already	ADV	_	8 pinch	advmod
8	pinch	pinch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 says	ccomp
9	after	after	ADP	_	11 year	case
10	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 year	nummod
11	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 pinch	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Mum						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	pinch	present	your new school shoes				year		vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the most likely reason?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 reason	det
4	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	5 likely	advmod
5	likely	likely	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 reason	amod
6	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the likely reason						tree rules

The options

Option 1

Your feet swell from too much sleep

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 feet	nmod:poss
2	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 swell	nsubj
3	swell	swell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	7 sleep	case
5	too	too	ADV	_	6 much	advmod
6	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 sleep	amod
7	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 swell	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swell	present	Your feet			much sleep			vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Option 2

Toenails grow faster than feet and push the shoes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Toenails	toenail	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 grow	nsubj
2	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	2 grow	advmod
4	than	than	ADP	_	5 feet	case
5	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 faster	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 push	cc
7	push	push	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 grow	conj
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 shoes	det
9	shoes	shoe	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 push	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	Toenails					fast property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	push	infinitive	Toenails not said here	the shoes					vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoe=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Your feet grew a size or more, as children's feet often do

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 feet	nmod:poss
2	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grew	nsubj
3	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 size	det
5	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grew	obj
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 more	cc
7	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 size	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 feet	punct
9	as	as	ADP	_	12 feet	case
10	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 feet	nmod:poss
11	's	's	PART	_	10 children	case
12	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 do	nsubj
13	often	often	ADV	_	14 do	advmod
14	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 grew	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	past	Your feet	a size					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location size=Theme
2	do	present	children's feet					often property	vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Shoes shrink in the wash every week

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Shoes	shoe	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 shrink	nsubj
2	shrink	shrink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 wash	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 wash	det
5	wash	wash	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 shrink	obl
6	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	7 week	det
7	week	week	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 shrink	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shrink	present	Shoes			the wash	week		vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/71-growing-from-baby-to-grown-up/t7/