Test 5 · ★★ · The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living dinosaurs

«ostriches hide their heads in the sand when scared» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: ostriches · What happens: hide, be · To what, where: heads, sand

This is test 5 · ★★ of lesson 76 «The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living dinosaurs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 hide	punct
2	ostriches	ostrich	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 hide	nsubj
3	hide	hide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 heads	nmod:poss
5	heads	head	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 hide	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 sand	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 sand	det
8	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hide	obl
9	when	when	SCONJ	_	10 scared	mark
10	scared	scared	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 hide	advcl
11	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 hide	punct
12	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	14 right	nsubj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 right	cop
14	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 hide	ccomp
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 hide	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hide in a quote	present	ostriches	ostriches's heads		the sand			vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent head=Patient in sand=Location
2	is	present						right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

That's a myth; they lower their heads to turn eggs in the nest hole

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 myth	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 myth	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 myth	det
4	myth	myth	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	;	;	PUNCT	_	7 lower	punct
6	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 lower	nsubj
7	lower	lower	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 myth	parataxis
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 heads	nmod:poss
9	heads	head	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 lower	obj
10	to	to	PART	_	11 turn	mark
11	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 lower	advcl
12	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 turn	obj
13	in	in	ADP	_	16 hole	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 hole	det
15	nest	nest	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 hole	compound
16	hole	hole	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 turn	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	That	a myth		tree rules
2	lower	present	they	their heads		vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme
3	turn	to-infinitive	they not said here	eggs	in the nest hole	vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent egg=Patient in hole=Topic

Option 2

Yes, so the lions cannot see them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	8 see	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	so	so	ADV	_	8 see	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 lions	det
5	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 see	nsubj
6	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 see	aux
7	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 see	advmod
8	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
9	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 see	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not see	can	the lions	them = they					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus

Option 3

No, they hide their heads under their wings until the danger has gone away

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 hide	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 hide	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 hide	nsubj
4	hide	hide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 heads	nmod:poss
6	heads	head	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hide	obj
7	under	under	ADP	_	9 wings	case
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 wings	nmod:poss
9	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hide	obl
10	until	until	SCONJ	_	14 gone	mark
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 danger	det
12	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 gone	nsubj
13	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 gone	aux
14	gone	go	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 hide	advcl
15	away	away	ADV	_	14 gone	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hide	present	they	their heads		heads's wings			vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent head=Patient under wing=Location
2	go away	present · perfect	the danger					away property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Yes, and they can breathe through the sand for hours

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 breathe	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 breathe	punct
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 breathe	cc
4	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 breathe	nsubj
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 breathe	aux
6	breathe	breathe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	through	through	ADP	_	9 sand	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 sand	det
9	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 breathe	obl
10	for	for	ADP	_	11 hours	case
11	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 breathe	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	breathe	can	they			the sand	hour		vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/76-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds/t5/