Test 4 · ★★ · Animals of Australia and New Zealand: kangaroos, koalas, w…

In a cartoon, a kangaroo wears boxing gloves and hops forever without getting tired. What is real?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: kangaroo · What happens: wear, get, be · To what, where: boxing gloves, cartoon

This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 79 «Animals of Australia and New Zealand: kangaroos, koalas, wombats, kiwis» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon, a kangaroo wears boxing gloves and hops forever without getting tired.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 wears	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cartoon	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 kangaroo	det
6	kangaroo	kangaroo	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 wears	nsubj
7	wears	wear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	boxing	boxing	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 gloves	compound
9	gloves	glove	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 wears	obj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 hops	cc
11	hops	hop	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 gloves	conj
12	forever	forever	ADV	_	7 wears	advmod
13	without	without	SCONJ	_	14 getting	mark
14	getting	get	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 wears	advcl
15	tired	tired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 getting	xcomp
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 wears	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wear	present	a kangaroo	boxing gloves and hops		a cartoon		forever property	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent glove=Theme
2	get	gerund	a kangaroo not said here					tired property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is real?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 real	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 real	cop
3	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 real	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						real property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Springy tendons make hopping cheap, but top speed is only for short bursts

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Springy	springy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 tendons	amod
2	tendons	tendon	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 make	nsubj
3	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	hopping	hop	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 make	advcl
5	cheap	cheap	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 hopping	xcomp
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 bursts	punct
7	but	but	CCONJ	_	14 bursts	cc
8	top	top	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 speed	amod
9	speed	speed	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 bursts	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 bursts	cop
11	only	only	ADV	_	14 bursts	advmod
12	for	for	ADP	_	14 bursts	case
13	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 bursts	amod
14	bursts	burst	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 make	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	make	present	Springy tendons		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
2	hop	gerund	Springy tendons not said here	cheap property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	is	present	top speed	for short bursts	tree rules

Option 2

Kangaroos cannot hop, they walk on four legs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kangaroos	kangaroo	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hop	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 hop	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 hop	advmod
4	hop	hop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 walk	punct
6	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 walk	nsubj
7	walk	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 hop	conj
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 legs	case
9	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 legs	nummod
10	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 walk	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not hop	can	Kangaroos						vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	walk	present	Kangaroos = kangaroo			four legs			vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on leg=Trajectory

Option 3

Kangaroos never get tired at any speed, so they can hop all day and night

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kangaroos	kangaroo	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 get	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 get	advmod
3	get	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	tired	tired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 get	xcomp
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 speed	case
6	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	7 speed	det
7	speed	speed	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 tired	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 hop	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	12 hop	advmod
10	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 hop	nsubj
11	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 hop	aux
12	hop	hop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 get	conj
13	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	14 day	det
14	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 hop	obl:unmarked
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 night	cc
16	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 day	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not get	present	Kangaroos					tired property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
2	hop	can	Kangaroos = kangaroo				day		vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Kangaroos fly short distances

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kangaroos	kangaroo	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 fly	nsubj
2	fly	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 distances	amod
4	distances	distance	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 fly	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	present	Kangaroos	short distances					vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location distance=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/79-animals-of-australia-and-new-zealand/t4/