Exam question 4 · The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and the deep dark

Ascertain the consequence for a sea turtle of the ingestion of a floating plastic bag.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: ascertain, float, ingest · To what, where: consequence, floating plastic bag

This is exam question 4 of lesson 8 «The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and the deep dark» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 consequence	det
3	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	7 turtle	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 turtle	det
6	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 turtle	compound
7	turtle	turtle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 consequence	nmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 ingestion	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 ingestion	det
10	ingestion	ingestion	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 turtle	nmod
11	of	of	ADP	_	15 bag	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 bag	det
13	floating	float	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	15 bag	amod
14	plastic	plastic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 bag	amod
15	bag	bag	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 ingestion	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the consequence	for a sea turtle of the ingestion of a floating plastic bag	vn ensure-99 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Precondition consequence=Theme for turtle=Beneficiary
2	float	gerund				vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	ingest			a floating plastic bag		nom ingestion «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The plastic renders the turtle buoyant and swifter, whereby it more readily escapes from those predators which pursue it

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 renders	det
2	plastic	plastic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 renders	amod
3	renders	render	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 buoyant	nsubj
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 turtle	det
5	turtle	turtle	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 buoyant	obl:unmarked
6	buoyant	buoyant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 swifter	cc
8	swifter	swifter	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 buoyant	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 whereby	punct
10	whereby	whereby	ADV	PronType=Int	6 buoyant	conj
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 whereby	nsubj
12	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	13 readily	advmod
13	readily	readily	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 escapes	amod
14	escapes	escape	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 whereby	nsubj
15	from	from	ADP	_	17 predators	case
16	those	that	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	17 predators	det
17	predators	predator	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 escapes	nmod
18	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	19 pursue	nsubj
19	pursue	pursue	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 predators	acl:relcl
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 pursue	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pursue	present	that predators	swifter					vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 2

The plastic is digested without consequence

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 plastic	det
2	plastic	plastic	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 digested	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 digested	aux:pass
4	digested	digest	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	without	without	ADP	_	6 consequence	case
6	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 digested	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	digest	present · passive		the plastic				without consequence	tree rules

Option 3

The plastic augments the nourishment of the turtle

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 augments	det
2	plastic	plastic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 augments	amod
3	augments	augment	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 nourishment	det
5	nourishment	nourishment	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 augments	conj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 turtle	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 turtle	det
8	turtle	turtle	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 nourishment	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The plastic may obstruct the stomach and occasion a false sense of fullness, whereby the turtle starves

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 plastic	det
2	plastic	plastic	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 obstruct	nsubj
3	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 obstruct	aux
4	obstruct	obstruct	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 stomach	det
6	stomach	stomach	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 obstruct	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 occasion	cc
8	occasion	occasion	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stomach	conj
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 sense	det
10	false	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 sense	amod
11	sense	sense	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 obstruct	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 fullness	case
13	fullness	fullness	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 sense	nmod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 starves	punct
15	whereby	whereby	ADV	PronType=Int	18 starves	advmod
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 turtle	det
17	turtle	turtle	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 starves	nsubj
18	starves	starve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 obstruct	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	obstruct	may	the plastic	the stomach and occasion		tree rules
2	starve	present	the turtle		whereby property	tree rules
3	sense			fullness		nom sense «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/8-the-ocean/e4/