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Exam question 4 · The big cats house: lions and tigers up close

It is given that a lion requires between five and seven kilograms of meat daily. Determine the most accurate explanation of why it does not pursue mice.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: lion, you, explanation · What happens: give, require, determine, not pursue · To what, where: It, accurate explanation, mice

This is exam question 4 of lesson 81 «The big cats house: lions and tigers up close» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that a lion requires between five and seven kilograms of meat daily.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	7 requires	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 lion	det
6	lion	lion	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 requires	nsubj
7	requires	require	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	advcl
8	between	between	ADP	_	12 kilograms	case
9	five	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	12 kilograms	nummod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 seven	cc
11	seven	seven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 five	conj
12	kilograms	kilogram	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 requires	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 meat	case
14	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 kilograms	nmod
15	daily	daily	ADV	_	7 requires	advmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	require	present	a lion					between five kilograms of meat; daily property	vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Determine the most accurate explanation of why it does not pursue mice.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Determine	determine	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 explanation	det
3	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	4 accurate	advmod
4	accurate	accurate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 explanation	amod
5	explanation	explanation	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Determine	obj
6	of	of	SCONJ	_	11 pursue	mark
7	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	11 pursue	advmod
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 pursue	nsubj
9	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 pursue	aux
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 pursue	advmod
11	pursue	pursue	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 explanation	acl
12	mice	mouse	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 pursue	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Determine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	determine	imperative	you not said here	the accurate explanation					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent explanation=Topic
2	not pursue	present · do-support	explanation	mice					vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mouse=Theme

The options

Option 1

Lions are incapable of perceiving animals of so small a size

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 incapable	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 incapable	cop
3	incapable	incapable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	of	of	SCONJ	_	5 perceiving	mark
5	perceiving	perceive	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 incapable	advcl
6	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 perceiving	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	11 size	case
8	so	so	ADV	_	9 small	advmod
9	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 size	amod
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 size	det
11	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 animals	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Lions					incapable property	tree rules
2	perceive	gerund	Lions not said here	animals of a small size					vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer animal=Stimulus

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Lions are known to be afraid of mice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 known	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 known	aux:pass
3	known	know	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	6 afraid	mark
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 afraid	cop
6	afraid	afraid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 known	xcomp
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 mice	case
8	mice	mouse	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 afraid	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	know	present · passive		Lions					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus
2	is	to-infinitive						of mice; afraid property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

A mouse yields far too little food to repay the chase

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 mouse	det
2	mouse	mouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 yields	nsubj
3	yields	yield	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 little	advmod
5	too	too	ADV	_	6 little	advmod
6	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 food	amod
7	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 yields	obj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 repay	mark
9	repay	repay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 yields	advcl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 chase	det
11	chase	chase	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 repay	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	yield	present	a mouse	little food					vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent food=Theme
2	repay	to-infinitive	a mouse not said here	the chase					vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent chase=Recipient

Option 4

Mice are toxic to all members of the cat family

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mice	mouse	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 toxic	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 toxic	cop
3	toxic	toxic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 members	case
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 members	det
6	members	member	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 toxic	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	10 family	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 family	det
9	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 family	compound
10	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 members	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Mice					to all members of the cat family; toxic property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/81-big-cats-house-lions-and-tigers/e4/