Exam question 3 · The elephant house: herds, feet, food and the mouse myth

Determine the principal reason for which modern elephant houses are furnished with deep sand floors.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: determine, furnish · To what, where: principal reason, modern elephant houses

This is exam question 3 of lesson 83 «The elephant house: herds, feet, food and the mouse myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Determine	determine	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Determine	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 furnished	obl
7	modern	modern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 houses	amod
8	elephant	elephant	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 houses	compound
9	houses	house	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 furnished	nsubj:pass
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 furnished	aux:pass
11	furnished	furnish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 reason	acl:relcl
12	with	with	ADP	_	15 floors	case
13	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 floors	amod
14	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 floors	compound
15	floors	floor	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 furnished	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Determine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	determine	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic
2	furnish	present · passive		modern elephant houses				for the principal reason; with deep sand floors	vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme for which=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Standing upon concrete injures the feet and joints of so heavy an animal

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Standing	stand	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 injures	csubj
2	upon	upon	ADP	_	3 concrete	case
3	concrete	concrete	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Standing	obl
4	injures	injure	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 feet	det
6	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 injures	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 joints	cc
8	joints	joint	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 feet	conj
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 heavy	case
10	so	so	ADV	_	11 heavy	advmod
11	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 feet	amod
12	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 animal	det
13	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 heavy	nsubj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand	gerund				concrete			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon concrete=Location
2	injure	present	Standing	the feet and joints					tree rules

Option 2

Concrete is prohibited by law in all zoological collections of the world

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Concrete	concrete	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 prohibited	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 prohibited	aux:pass
3	prohibited	prohibit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 law	case
5	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 prohibited	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	9 collections	case
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	9 collections	det
8	zoological	zoological	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 collections	amod
9	collections	collection	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 prohibited	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 world	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 world	det
12	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 collections	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prohibit	present · passive	law	Concrete		all zoological collections of the world			vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer subject=Theme

Option 3

Sand is consumed by elephants as a dietary supplement

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 consumed	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 consumed	aux:pass
3	consumed	consume	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 elephants	case
5	elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 consumed	obl
6	as	as	ADP	_	9 supplement	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 supplement	det
8	dietary	dietary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 supplement	amod
9	supplement	supplement	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 consumed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consume	present · passive	elephants	Sand				as a dietary supplement	vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Asset

Option 4

Sand prevents elephants from swimming

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 prevents	nsubj
2	prevents	prevent	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 prevents	obj
4	from	from	ADP	_	5 swimming	case
5	swimming	swimming	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 prevents	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prevent	present	Sand		elephants	swimming			vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer elephant=Beneficiary from swimming=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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