Exam question 3 · The amphibian room: poison frogs, axolotls and the frog re…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the axolotl?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: axolotl

This is exam question 3 of lesson 89 «The amphibian room: poison frogs, axolotls and the frog rescue» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 axolotl	det
10	axolotl	axolotl	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the axolotl				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

A frog which loses its gills within a year and thereafter lives on land

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 frog	det
2	frog	frog	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 lives	nsubj
3	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 loses	nsubj
4	loses	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 frog	acl:relcl
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 gills	nmod:poss
6	gills	gill	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 loses	obj
7	within	within	ADP	_	9 year	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 year	det
9	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 loses	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 thereafter	cc
11	thereafter	thereafter	ADV	_	4 loses	conj
12	lives	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
13	on	on	ADP	_	14 land	case
14	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 lives	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	present	a frog	frog's gills			year		vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gill=Eventuality
2	live	present	a frog			land			vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on land=Location

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A salamander which keeps its juvenile gills and remains aquatic

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 salamander	det
2	salamander	salamander	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 keeps	nsubj
4	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 salamander	acl:relcl
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 gills	nmod:poss
6	juvenile	juvenile	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 gills	compound
7	gills	gill	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 keeps	obj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 remains	cc
9	remains	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 keeps	conj
10	aquatic	aquatic	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 remains	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	a salamander	salamander's juvenile gills					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gill=Theme
2	remain	present	a salamander not said here	aquatic					vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme aquatic=Attribute

Option 3

A fish native to the caves of Slovenia

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 native	det
2	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 native	compound
3	native	native	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 caves	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 caves	det
6	caves	cave	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 native	nmod
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 Slovenia	case
8	Slovenia	Slovenia	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 caves	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

A lizard capable of flight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 lizard	det
2	lizard	lizard	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	capable	capable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 lizard	amod
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 flight	case
5	flight	flight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 capable	obl

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/89-amphibian-room-poison-frogs-axolotls-frog-rescue/e3/