Test 12 · The aquarium: the shark tunnel and the rays

Why do some of the biggest sea animals eat some of the smallest food?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: some · What happens: do, eat · To what, where: some

This is test 12 of lesson 91 «The aquarium: the shark tunnel and the rays» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	2 do	advmod
2	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 eat	advcl
3	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	9 eat	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	8 animals	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 animals	det
6	biggest	big	ADJ	Degree=Sup	8 animals	amod
7	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 animals	compound
8	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 some	nmod
9	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	9 eat	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	14 food	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 food	det
13	smallest	small	ADJ	Degree=Sup	14 food	amod
14	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 some	nmod
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	9 eat	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present	some not said here						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	eat	present	some	some					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent some=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Plankton is everywhere, so filtering it feeds a huge body

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Plankton	plankton	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 everywhere	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 everywhere	cop
3	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	PronType=Tot	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 feeds	punct
5	so	so	ADV	_	8 feeds	advmod
6	filtering	filter	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 feeds	csubj
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 filtering	obj
8	feeds	feed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 everywhere	advcl
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 body	det
10	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 body	amod
11	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 feeds	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	Plankton		everywhere property	tree rules
2	filter	gerund		Plankton		vn wipe_instr-10.4.2 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Agent it=Initial_Location
3	feed	present	filtering	a huge body		vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Recipient

Option 2

Small food is easier to see in the dark

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 food	amod
2	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 easier	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 easier	cop
4	easier	easy	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 see	mark
6	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 easier	csubj
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 dark	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 dark	det
9	dark	dark	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 see	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Small food					easy property	tree rules
2	see	to-infinitive				the dark			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Option 3

They are too slow to catch anything else

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 slow	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 slow	cop
3	too	too	ADV	_	4 slow	advmod
4	slow	slow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 catch	mark
6	catch	catch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 slow	xcomp
7	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	6 catch	obj
8	else	else	ADV	_	7 anything	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They					slow property	tree rules
2	catch	to-infinitive	They not said here	anything					vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Theme

Option 4

Their teeth are too weak for bigger food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 teeth	nmod:poss
2	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 weak	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 weak	cop
4	too	too	ADV	_	5 weak	advmod
5	weak	weak	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 food	case
7	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 food	amod
8	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 weak	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Their teeth					for bigger food; weak property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/91-the-aquarium-the-shark-tunnel-and-the-rays/t12/