Exam question 4 · The aquarium: jellyfish, octopuses, sea stars and the deep…

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the colour of the lobster.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, colour

This is exam question 4 of lesson 92 «The aquarium: jellyfish, octopuses, sea stars and the deep sea» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 colour	det
11	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 lobster	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 lobster	det
14	lobster	lobster	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 colour	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the colour of the lobster		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus colour=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It is red in life and turns brown upon being cooked

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 red	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 red	cop
3	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 life	case
5	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 red	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 brown	cc
7	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 brown	cop
8	brown	brown	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 red	conj
9	upon	upon	SCONJ	_	11 cooked	mark
10	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 cooked	aux:pass
11	cooked	cook	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 brown	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	It	life	red property	tree rules
2	is	present			brown property	tree rules
3	cook	gerund · passive				vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is greenish brown in life and turns red upon cooking

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 brown	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 brown	cop
3	greenish	greenish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 brown	amod
4	brown	brown	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 life	case
6	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 brown	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 turns	cc
8	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 brown	conj
9	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 turns	xcomp
10	upon	upon	ADP	_	11 cooking	case
11	cooking	cooking	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 turns	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It			life		brown property	tree rules
2	turn	present				cooking		red property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme upon cooking=Trajectory

Option 3

It is invariably blue throughout its life

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 blue	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 blue	cop
3	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	4 blue	advmod
4	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	throughout	throughout	ADP	_	7 life	case
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 life	nmod:poss
7	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 blue	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It				throughout its life	blue, invariably property	tree rules

Option 4

It is white in life and turns red with age

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 white	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 white	cop
3	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 life	case
5	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 white	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 turns	cc
7	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 white	conj
8	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 turns	xcomp
9	with	with	ADP	_	10 age	case
10	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 turns	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It			life		white property	tree rules
2	turn	present					with age	red property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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