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Test 12 · ★ · The aquarium: jellyfish, octopuses, sea stars and the deep…

A sea star loses an arm to a crab. What happens next?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: sea star · What happens: lose, happen · To what, where: arm

This is test 12 · ★ of lesson 92 «The aquarium: jellyfish, octopuses, sea stars and the deep sea» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A sea star loses an arm to a crab.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 star	det
2	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 star	compound
3	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 loses	nsubj
4	loses	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 arm	det
6	arm	arm	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 loses	obj
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 crab	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 crab	det
9	crab	crab	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 loses	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 loses	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	present	a sea star	a arm				to a crab	vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What happens next?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	2 happens	nsubj
2	happens	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	next	next	ADV	_	2 happens	advmod
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 happens	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	present						next property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The crab grows into a sea star

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 crab	det
2	crab	crab	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grows	nsubj
3	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	into	into	ADP	_	7 star	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 star	det
6	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 star	compound
7	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	the crab					into a sea star result	vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into star=Result

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It can grow a new arm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 grow	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 grow	aux
3	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 arm	det
5	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 arm	amod
6	arm	arm	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grow	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	can	It	a new arm					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location arm=Theme

Option 3

It walks with four arms forever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 walks	nsubj
2	walks	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	5 arms	case
4	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 arms	nummod
5	arms	arm	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 walks	obl
6	forever	forever	ADV	_	2 walks	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	present	It					with four arms; forever property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

It dies at once from the wound

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 dies	nsubj
2	dies	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	at	at	ADP	_	4 once	case
4	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	2 dies	obl
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 wound	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 wound	det
7	wound	wound	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 dies	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	die	present	It			the wound			vn die-42.4-1 «NP V PP.cause»: agent=Patient from wound=Causer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/92-the-aquarium-jellyfish-octopuses-sea-stars-and-the-deep-sea/t12/