Exam question 3 · The penguin pool

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the incubation of the emperor penguin egg.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts, penguin egg · What happens: select, establish, concern, incubate · To what, where: response, incubation

This is exam question 3 of lesson 99 «The penguin pool» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 incubation	det
11	incubation	incubation	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	16 egg	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 egg	det
14	emperor	emperor	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 penguin	compound
15	penguin	penguin	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 egg	compound
16	egg	egg	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 incubation	nmod
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the incubation of the penguin egg		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus incubation=Experiencer
4	incubate		the penguin egg			nom incubation «act intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The father maintains it upon his feet for approximately two months without feeding

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 father	det
2	father	father	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 maintains	nsubj
3	maintains	maintain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 maintains	obj
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 feet	case
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 feet	nmod:poss
7	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 maintains	obl
8	for	for	ADP	_	11 months	case
9	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	10 two	advmod
10	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 months	nummod
11	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 maintains	obl
12	without	without	ADP	_	13 feeding	case
13	feeding	feeding	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 maintains	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	maintain	present	the father	it			month	upon father's feet; without feeding	vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 2

The parents exchange it every day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 parents	det
2	parents	parent	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 exchange	nsubj
3	exchange	exchange	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 exchange	obj
5	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 day	det
6	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 exchange	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	exchange	present	the parents	it			day		vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 3

The mother carries it within her beak throughout the long winter without feeding

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 mother	det
2	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 carries	nsubj
3	carries	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 carries	obj
5	within	within	ADP	_	7 beak	case
6	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 beak	nmod:poss
7	beak	beak	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 carries	obl
8	throughout	throughout	ADP	_	11 winter	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 winter	det
10	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 winter	amod
11	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 carries	obl
12	without	without	SCONJ	_	13 feeding	mark
13	feeding	feed	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 carries	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	present	the mother	it			winter	within mother's beak	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	feed	gerund	the mother not said here						vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent

Option 4

The egg is buried beneath the snow until spring

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 egg	det
2	egg	egg	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 buried	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 buried	aux:pass
4	buried	bury	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	7 snow	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 snow	det
7	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 buried	obl
8	until	until	ADP	_	9 spring	case
9	spring	spring	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 buried	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bury	present · passive		the egg		the snow	spring		vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme beneath snow=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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