Exam question 1 · Irish Tales, The Wooing of Delvcaem, part 34: Art crosses…

With reference to the text, state by what means Art avoids the poison offered to him at the palace.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: state, poison · What happens: mean, avoid, offer · To what, where: Art, palace

This is exam question 1 of lesson 1066 «Irish Tales, The Wooing of Delvcaem, part 34: Art crosses monsters and dangers, then fights Dog Head and Morgan» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	With	with	ADP	_	2 reference	case
2	reference	reference	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 avoids	obl
3	to	to	ADP	_	5 text	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 text	det
5	text	text	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reference	nmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 state	punct
7	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 text	appos
8	by	by	SCONJ	_	10 means	mark
9	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	10 means	nsubj
10	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 state	acl
11	Art	Art	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 means	obj
12	avoids	avoid	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 poison	det
14	poison	poison	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 offered	nsubj
15	offered	offer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 avoids	ccomp
16	to	to	ADP	_	17 him	case
17	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 offered	obl
18	at	at	ADP	_	20 palace	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 palace	det
20	palace	palace	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 offered	obl
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 avoids	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	mean	present	state	Art				vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent art=Topic
2	avoid	present					with reference to the text	vn avoid-52 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
3	offer	past	the poison		Art	the palace		vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to he=Goal

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

He pours the cups out on the floor.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 pours	nsubj
2	pours	pour	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 cups	det
4	cups	cup	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 pours	obj
5	out	out	ADP	_	2 pours	compound:prt
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 floor	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 floor	det
8	floor	floor	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 pours	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 pours	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pour out	present	He	the cups		the floor			vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cup=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

He is warned by Crede' and drinks only from the right-hand cup, which the witch had not poisoned at all.

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 warned	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 warned	aux:pass
3	warned	warn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 Crede	case
5	Crede	Crede	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 warned	obl
6	'	'	PUNCT	_	5 Crede	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 drinks	cc
8	drinks	drink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 warned	conj
9	only	only	ADV	_	15 cup	advmod
10	from	from	ADP	_	15 cup	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 cup	det
12	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 hand	amod
13	-	-	PUNCT	_	12 right	punct
14	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 cup	compound
15	cup	cup	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 drinks	obj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 poisoned	punct
17	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	22 poisoned	obj
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 witch	det
19	witch	witch	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 poisoned	nsubj:pass
20	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	22 poisoned	aux
21	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	22 poisoned	advmod
22	poisoned	poison	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 cup	conj
23	at	at	ADP	_	24 all	case
24	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	22 poisoned	obl
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 warned	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	warn speech: warn	present · passive	Crede	He		vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient
2	drink	present	Crede not said here	the hand cup		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cup=Patient
3	not poison	past · perfect · passive		the witch	all	vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Patient which=Result

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

He drinks only from the right-hand cup.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 drinks	nsubj
2	drinks	drink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	9 cup	advmod
4	from	from	ADP	_	9 cup	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 cup	det
6	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 hand	amod
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 right	punct
8	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 cup	compound
9	cup	cup	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 drinks	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 drinks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drink	present	He	the hand cup					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cup=Patient

Option 4

He swaps the cups before he drinks them.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 swaps	nsubj
2	swaps	swap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 cups	det
4	cups	cup	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 swaps	obj
5	before	before	SCONJ	_	7 drinks	mark
6	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 drinks	nsubj
7	drinks	drink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 swaps	advcl
8	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 drinks	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 swaps	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swap	present	He	the cups					vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cup=Theme
2	drink	present	he	cups = cup					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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