Exam question 2 · Russian Tales, Ivan the Fool, part 31: Ivan's millstone sc…

With reference to the text, what was the principal cause of the parson's injuries?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: text, parson · What happens: be, injure · To what, where: principal cause

This is exam question 2 of lesson 1125 «Russian Tales, Ivan the Fool, part 31: Ivan's millstone scatters robbers, and his magic fife sets a parson dancing into a hedge» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	With	with	ADP	_	2 reference	case
2	reference	reference	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 text	obl
3	to	to	ADP	_	5 text	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 text	det
5	text	text	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 cause	punct
7	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	11 cause	nsubj
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 cause	cop
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 cause	det
10	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 cause	amod
11	cause	cause	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 text	parataxis
12	of	of	ADP	_	16 injuries	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 parson	det
14	parson	parson	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 injuries	nmod:poss
15	's	's	PART	_	14 parson	case
16	injuries	injury	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 cause	nmod
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 text	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	the text	the principal cause				of the parson's injuries	tree rules
2	injure		the parson						nom injury «state transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The fact that he tried to climb over the quickset hedge to catch Ivan red-handed, and then was caught by the thorns while dancing wildly

The tree, 26 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 fact	det
2	fact	fact	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 tried	nsubj
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	5 tried	mark
4	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 tried	nsubj
5	tried	try	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 climb	mark
7	climb	climb	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 tried	xcomp
8	over	over	ADP	_	11 hedge	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 hedge	det
10	quickset	quickset	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 hedge	amod
11	hedge	hedge	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 climb	obl
12	to	to	PART	_	13 catch	mark
13	catch	catch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 climb	advcl
14	Ivan	Ivan	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 catch	obj
15	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 handed	amod
16	-	-	PUNCT	_	15 red	punct
17	handed	hand	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 Ivan	acl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 caught	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 caught	cc
20	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	22 caught	advmod
21	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	22 caught	aux:pass
22	caught	catch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 tried	conj
23	by	by	ADP	_	25 thorns	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 thorns	det
25	thorns	thorn	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 caught	obl
26	while	while	SCONJ	_	27 dancing	mark
27	dancing	dance	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	22 caught	advcl
28	wildly	wildly	ADV	_	27 dancing	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	try	past	the fact					vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	climb not said to happen	to-infinitive	the fact not said here		the quickset hedge			vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over hedge=Trajectory
3	catch	to-infinitive	the fact not said here	Ivan				vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ivan=Theme
4	hand	participle		Ivan not said here				vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
5	catch	past · passive	the thorns			then		vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
6	dance	gerund	the thorns not said here				wildly property	vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Being attacked by the wolves that followed Ivan into the pasture while he crawled through the field toward the haystack

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 attacked	aux:pass
2	attacked	attack	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
3	by	by	ADP	_	5 wolves	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 wolves	det
5	wolves	wolf	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 attacked	obl
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 followed	nsubj
7	followed	follow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 wolves	acl:relcl
8	Ivan	Ivan	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 attacked	obl:agent
9	into	into	ADP	_	11 pasture	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 pasture	det
11	pasture	pasture	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 attacked	obl
12	while	while	SCONJ	_	14 crawled	mark
13	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 crawled	nsubj
14	crawled	crawl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 attacked	advcl
15	through	through	ADP	_	17 field	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 field	det
17	field	field	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 crawled	obl
18	toward	toward	ADP	_	20 haystack	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 haystack	det
20	haystack	haystack	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 crawled	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	attack	gerund · passive	Ivan	the pasture	by the wolves	vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	follow	past	the wolves			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	crawl	past	Ivan	the field	toward the haystack	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through field=Trajectory

Option 3

Ivan's magic fife cutting him with sharp blasts of sound

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ivan	Ivan	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 fife	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Ivan	case
3	magic	magic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 fife	amod
4	fife	fife	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	cutting	cut	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 fife	acl
6	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 cutting	obj
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 blasts	case
8	sharp	sharp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 blasts	amod
9	blasts	blast	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 cutting	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 sound	case
11	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 blasts	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cut	gerund	Ivan's magic fife not said here	Ivan				with sharp blasts of sound	vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient with blast=Instrument
2	blast			sound					nom blast «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

His own dancing within the thorny quickset hedge while Ivan played

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 dancing	nmod:poss
2	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 dancing	amod
3	dancing	dancing	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 played	nsubj
4	within	within	ADP	_	8 hedge	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 hedge	det
6	thorny	thorny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 hedge	amod
7	quickset	quickset	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 hedge	amod
8	hedge	hedge	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 dancing	nmod
9	while	while	SCONJ	_	10 Ivan	mark
10	Ivan	Ivan	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 hedge	appos
11	played	play	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	play	past	His own dancing within the thorny quickset hedge						vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	dance		His = he					within the thorny quickset hedge	nom dancing «act transitive»: poss=agent within=obl

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1125-pg29672-part31/e2/