Exam question 4 · Russian Folk-Tales, The Forty-First Brother: the foal save…

What reason did the raven give the poor brother for leaving the village, and what was his intended destination?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: reason, raven · What happens: do, give, leave, intend, be · To what, where: poor brother, village, intended destination

This is exam question 4 of lesson 1129 «Russian Folk-Tales, The Forty-First Brother: the foal saves the brothers from Wednesday and the youngest wins the Tsar's favour» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 did	obj
2	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 did	nsubj
3	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 raven	det
5	raven	raven	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 give	nsubj
6	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 did	ccomp
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 brother	det
8	poor	poor	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 brother	amod
9	brother	brother	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 give	obj
10	for	for	SCONJ	_	11 leaving	mark
11	leaving	leave	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 give	advcl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 village	det
13	village	village	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 leaving	obj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 destination	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 destination	cc
16	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	20 destination	nsubj
17	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 destination	cop
18	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	20 destination	nmod:poss
19	intended	intend	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	20 destination	amod
20	destination	destination	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 did	obl
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 did	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	do	past	reason		tree rules
2	give	present	the raven	the poor brother	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brother=Theme
3	leave	gerund	the raven not said here	the village	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent village=Theme
4	intend	participle			vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
5	is a	past		raven's intended destination	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The village was cursed; he went to a rich town with good wells

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 village	det
2	village	village	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cursed	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 cursed	aux:pass
4	cursed	curse	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	;	;	PUNCT	_	7 went	punct
6	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 went	nsubj
7	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 cursed	conj
8	to	to	ADP	_	11 town	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 town	det
10	rich	rich	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 town	amod
11	town	town	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 went	obl
12	with	with	ADP	_	14 wells	case
13	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 wells	amod
14	wells	well	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 town	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	curse	past · passive		the village					vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	go	past	he			a rich town with good wells			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to town=Initial_Location

Option 2

No luck or happiness there, and the wells had all gone dry that spring; another village by the sea where he would prosper with his family and cattle

The tree, 28 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 luck	det
2	luck	luck	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 happiness	cc
4	happiness	happiness	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 luck	conj
5	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 happiness	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 gone	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 gone	cc
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 wells	det
9	wells	well	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 gone	nsubj
10	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 gone	aux
11	all	all	ADV	_	12 gone	advmod
12	gone	go	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	2 luck	parataxis
13	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 gone	xcomp
14	that	that	SCONJ	_	15 spring	mark
15	spring	spring	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 gone	advcl
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	18 village	punct
17	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	18 village	det
18	village	village	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 luck	conj
19	by	by	ADP	_	21 sea	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 sea	det
21	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 village	nmod
22	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	25 prosper	advmod
23	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 prosper	nsubj
24	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	25 prosper	aux
25	prosper	prosper	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	21 sea	acl:relcl
26	with	with	ADP	_	28 family	case
27	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	28 family	nmod:poss
28	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 prosper	obl
29	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 cattle	cc
30	cattle	cattle	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 family	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	past · perfect	the wells					all, dry property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	prosper	would	he					with his family and cattle	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

No luck or happiness there, since the whole village was cursed by a witch; another village beyond the mountains where he would prosper greatly and live to be old

The tree, 29 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 luck	det
2	luck	luck	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 prosper	nsubj
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 happiness	cc
4	happiness	happiness	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 luck	conj
5	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 happiness	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 cursed	punct
7	since	since	SCONJ	_	12 cursed	mark
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 village	det
9	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 village	amod
10	village	village	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 cursed	nsubj:pass
11	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 cursed	aux:pass
12	cursed	curse	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 luck	acl
13	by	by	ADP	_	15 witch	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 witch	det
15	witch	witch	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 cursed	obl
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	18 village	punct
17	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	18 village	det
18	village	village	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 prosper	nsubj
19	beyond	beyond	ADP	_	21 mountains	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 mountains	det
21	mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 village	nmod
22	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	25 prosper	advmod
23	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 prosper	nsubj
24	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	25 prosper	aux
25	prosper	prosper	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
26	greatly	greatly	ADV	_	25 prosper	advmod
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 live	cc
28	live	live	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	25 prosper	conj
29	to	to	PART	_	31 old	mark
30	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	31 old	cop
31	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 live	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	curse	past · passive	a witch	the whole village		vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
2	prosper	would	no luck or happiness		greatly property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	live	infinitive	no luck or happiness not said here			vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	is	to-infinitive	no luck or happiness not said here		old property	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

No luck or happiness there; another village where he would prosper

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 luck	det
2	luck	luck	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 happiness	cc
4	happiness	happiness	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 luck	conj
5	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 happiness	advmod
6	;	;	PUNCT	_	8 village	punct
7	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	8 village	det
8	village	village	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 luck	conj
9	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	12 prosper	advmod
10	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 prosper	nsubj
11	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 prosper	aux
12	prosper	prosper	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 village	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prosper	would	he						vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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