Exam question 1 · Grimm's Fairy Tales, The Faithful John, part 19: John is t…

Which of the following accurately describes the state of the faithful John immediately after he had concluded his final declaration before the King?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: he, his · What happens: follow, describe, conclude, declare · To what, where: state, final declaration

This is exam question 1 of lesson 116 «Grimm's Fairy Tales, The Faithful John, part 19: John is turned to stone, then brought back to life with blood; three princes set out for the water of life» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 following	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 following	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 following	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	6 describes	advmod
6	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 following	advcl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 state	det
8	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 describes	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	12 John	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 John	det
11	faithful	faithful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 John	amod
12	John	John	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 state	nmod
13	immediately	immediately	ADV	_	17 concluded	advmod
14	after	after	SCONJ	_	17 concluded	mark
15	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 concluded	nsubj
16	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 concluded	aux
17	concluded	conclude	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	6 describes	advcl
18	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	20 declaration	nmod:poss
19	final	final	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 declaration	amod
20	declaration	declaration	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 concluded	obj
21	before	before	ADP	_	23 King	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 King	det
23	King	King	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 concluded	obl
24	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 following	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	describe	present		the state of the faithful John		accurately property	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent state=Theme
3	conclude	past · perfect	he	his final declaration	before the King	immediately property	vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent declaration=Theme
4	declare		his = he				nom declaration «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He had been sent to prison and was waiting for execution

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 sent	nsubj
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 sent	aux
3	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 sent	aux:pass
4	sent	send	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 prison	case
6	prison	prison	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sent	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 waiting	cc
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 waiting	aux
9	waiting	wait	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 sent	conj
10	for	for	ADP	_	11 execution	case
11	execution	execution	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 waiting	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	send	past · perfect · passive		He		prison			vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to prison=Destination
2	wait	past · progressive						for execution	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

He had been transformed into stone and remained motionless

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 transformed	nsubj
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 transformed	aux
3	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 transformed	aux:pass
4	transformed	transform	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	into	into	ADP	_	6 stone	case
6	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 transformed	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 remained	cc
8	remained	remain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 transformed	conj
9	motionless	motionless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 remained	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	transform	past · perfect · passive		He				into stone result	vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: subject=Patient into stone=Result
2	remain	participle						motionless property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

He had been transformed into stone, and the crows flew off to the mountains where they waited for the King's sons to return

The tree, 24 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 transformed	nsubj
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 transformed	aux
3	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 transformed	aux:pass
4	transformed	transform	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	into	into	ADP	_	6 stone	case
6	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 transformed	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 flew	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 flew	cc
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 crows	det
10	crows	crow	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 flew	nsubj
11	flew	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 transformed	parataxis
12	off	off	ADP	_	11 flew	compound:prt
13	to	to	ADP	_	15 mountains	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 mountains	det
15	mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 flew	obl
16	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	18 waited	advmod
17	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 waited	nsubj
18	waited	wait	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 flew	conj
19	for	for	ADP	_	23 sons	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 King	det
21	King	King	PROPN	Number=Sing	23 sons	nmod:poss
22	's	's	PART	_	21 King	case
23	sons	son	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 waited	obl
24	to	to	PART	_	25 return	mark
25	return	return	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 waited	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	transform	past · perfect · passive		He	into stone result	vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: subject=Patient into stone=Result
2	fly off	past	the crows		to the mountains result	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to mountain=Result
3	wait	past	crows = crow		for the King's sons	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	return	to-infinitive	crows = crow not said here			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

He had been transformed into stone, and the Queen was at once overcome with grief and went to pray for his soul in the church

The tree, 25 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 transformed	nsubj
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 transformed	aux
3	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 transformed	aux:pass
4	transformed	transform	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	into	into	ADP	_	6 stone	case
6	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 transformed	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 overcome	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 overcome	cc
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Queen	det
10	Queen	Queen	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 overcome	nsubj
11	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 overcome	aux:pass
12	at	at	ADP	_	13 once	case
13	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	14 overcome	obl
14	overcome	overcome	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 transformed	conj
15	with	with	ADP	_	16 grief	case
16	grief	grief	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 overcome	obl
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 went	cc
18	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 transformed	conj
19	to	to	PART	_	20 pray	mark
20	pray	pray	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 went	xcomp
21	for	for	ADP	_	23 soul	case
22	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 soul	nmod:poss
23	soul	soul	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 pray	obl
24	in	in	ADP	_	26 church	case
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 church	det
26	church	church	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 pray	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	transform	past · perfect · passive	He		into stone result	vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: subject=Patient into stone=Result
2	overcome	past · passive	the Queen		with grief	vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
3	go	past				vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	pray	to-infinitive		the church	for his soul	vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for soul=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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