Exam question 1 · Indian Tales, The Younger Son of the Jackal, part 31: the…

Which of the following best describes the hedgehog's stratagem, as recounted in the passage?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, describe, recount · To what, where: stratagem, passage

This is exam question 1 of lesson 1165 «Indian Tales, The Younger Son of the Jackal, part 31: the jackal cheats the sheep over the grain, and the greyhound is called in» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 describes	obj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 best	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 best	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 best	case
5	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	6 describes	nmod
6	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 hedgehog	det
8	hedgehog	hedgehog	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 stratagem	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 hedgehog	case
10	stratagem	stratagem	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 describes	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 recounted	punct
12	as	as	SCONJ	_	13 recounted	mark
13	recounted	recount	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 stratagem	acl:relcl
14	in	in	ADP	_	16 passage	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 passage	det
16	passage	passage	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 recounted	obl
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 describes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	describe	present	the hedgehog's stratagem		of the best	tree rules
3	recount speech: other	participle	the hedgehog's stratagem not said here	the passage		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

a deceit by which the jackal was lured into a fatal ambush

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 deceit	det
2	deceit	deceit	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	by	by	ADP	_	4 which	case
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 lured	obl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 jackal	det
6	jackal	jackal	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lured	nsubj:pass
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 lured	aux:pass
8	lured	lure	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 deceit	acl:relcl
9	into	into	ADP	_	12 ambush	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 ambush	det
11	fatal	fatal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 ambush	amod
12	ambush	ambush	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lured	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lure	past · passive	a deceit	the jackal				into a fatal ambush result	vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent subject=Patient into ambush=Result

Option 2

a simple honest offer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 offer	det
2	simple	simple	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 offer	amod
3	honest	honest	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 offer	amod
4	offer	offer	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

a deceit by which the jackal was lured into a fatal ambush and then crushed beneath a rolling stone

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 deceit	det
2	deceit	deceit	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 crushed	nsubj
3	by	by	ADP	_	4 which	case
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 lured	obl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 jackal	det
6	jackal	jackal	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lured	nsubj:pass
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 lured	aux:pass
8	lured	lure	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 deceit	acl:relcl
9	into	into	ADP	_	12 ambush	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 ambush	det
11	fatal	fatal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 ambush	amod
12	ambush	ambush	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lured	obl
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 ambush	cc
14	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	15 crushed	advmod
15	crushed	crush	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
16	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	19 stone	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 stone	det
18	rolling	roll	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	19 stone	amod
19	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 crushed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	lure	past · passive	a deceit	the jackal		into a fatal ambush result	vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent subject=Patient into ambush=Result
2	crush	past	a deceit		then	beneath a rolling stone	vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
3	roll	gerund					vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

a clever bargain that left the jackal pleased with the outcome

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 bargain	det
2	clever	clever	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 bargain	amod
3	bargain	bargain	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 left	nsubj
5	left	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 bargain	acl:relcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 jackal	det
7	jackal	jackal	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 left	obj
8	pleased	pleased	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 left	xcomp
9	with	with	ADP	_	11 outcome	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 outcome	det
11	outcome	outcome	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 left	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leave	past	a clever bargain		the jackal			with the outcome; pleased property	vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: agent=Agent jackal=Recipient with outcome=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1165-pg3027-part31/e1/