Exam question 1 · Indian Tales, Adventures of an Indian Brave, part 1: the m…

Which action did the mink perform immediately before he dived beneath the surface of the water?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: action, mink · What happens: do, perform, dive · To what, where: surface

This is exam question 1 of lesson 1191 «Indian Tales, Adventures of an Indian Brave, part 1: the mink escapes the wolves, and a brave's father drowns and returns as a baby» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 action	det
2	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 did	nsubj
3	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 mink	det
5	mink	mink	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 perform	nsubj
6	perform	perform	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 did	ccomp
7	immediately	immediately	ADV	_	6 perform	advmod
8	before	before	SCONJ	_	10 dived	mark
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 dived	nsubj
10	dived	dive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 perform	advcl
11	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	13 surface	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 surface	det
13	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 dived	obl
14	of	of	ADP	_	16 water	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 water	det
16	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 surface	nmod
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 did	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	do	past	which action			tree rules
2	perform	present	the mink		immediately property	vn performance-26.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	dive	past	action	the surface of the water		vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent beneath surface=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

He leaped and dived down headfirst

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 leaped	nsubj
2	leaped	leap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 dived	cc
4	dived	dive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 leaped	conj
5	down	down	ADV	_	4 dived	advmod
6	headfirst	headfirst	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 dived	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leap	past	He						vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	dive down	past	He not said here					down, headfirst property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

He leaped high into the air, twisted around once, and then came crashing down head-first into the cold water

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 leaped	nsubj
2	leaped	leap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	high	high	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 leaped	advmod
4	into	into	ADP	_	6 air	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 air	det
6	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 leaped	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 twisted	punct
8	twisted	twist	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 air	acl
9	around	around	ADV	_	8 twisted	advmod
10	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	8 twisted	advmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 came	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 came	cc
13	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	14 came	advmod
14	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 leaped	conj
15	crashing	crash	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 came	xcomp
16	down	down	ADP	_	15 crashing	compound:prt
17	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 crashing	obj
18	-	-	PUNCT	_	17 head	punct
19	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	15 crashing	advmod
20	into	into	ADP	_	23 water	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 water	det
22	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 water	amod
23	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 crashing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leap	past	He		the air		high property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into air=Destination
2	twist around	participle		the air not said here			around, once property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
3	come	past	He not said here			then		tree rules
4	crash down	gerund	He not said here	head			into the cold water result; first property	vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent head=Patient into water=Result

Option 3

He spun around the canoes several times, shouted at the wolves, and then sprang into the air and dived

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 spun	nsubj
2	spun	spin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	around	around	ADP	_	5 canoes	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 canoes	det
5	canoes	canoe	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 spun	obl
6	several	several	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 times	amod
7	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 spun	obl:unmarked
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 shouted	punct
9	shouted	shout	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 times	acl
10	at	at	ADP	_	12 wolves	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 wolves	det
12	wolves	wolf	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 shouted	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 sprang	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 sprang	cc
15	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	16 sprang	advmod
16	sprang	spring	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 spun	conj
17	into	into	ADP	_	19 air	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 air	det
19	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 sprang	obl
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 dived	cc
21	dived	dive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 spun	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	spin	past	He		the canoes	time	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme around canoe=Trajectory
2	shout speech: express	participle		several times not said here	the wolves		vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	spring	past	He not said here		the air	then	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into air=Destination
4	dive	past	He not said here				vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

He sprang into the air and came down head-first

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sprang	nsubj
2	sprang	spring	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	into	into	ADP	_	5 air	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 air	det
5	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sprang	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 came	cc
7	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 sprang	conj
8	down	down	ADV	_	7 came	advmod
9	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 came	nsubj
10	-	-	PUNCT	_	9 head	punct
11	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	7 came	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spring	past	He			the air			vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into air=Destination
2	come down	past	head					down, first property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1191-pg3027-part57/e1/