Exam question 4 · Violet Fairy Book, Wali Dâd, part 58: gifts pile up, the o…

Which supernatural beings appear to Wali Dâd at the close of this part?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: supernatural beings · What happens: appear · To what, where: Wali, close

This is exam question 4 of lesson 1257 «Violet Fairy Book, Wali Dâd, part 58: gifts pile up, the old man tries to drown himself, and two Peris appear» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 appear	obj
2	supernatural	supernatural	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 beings	amod
3	beings	being	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 appear	nsubj
4	appear	appear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 Wali	case
6	Wali	Wali	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 appear	obl
7	Dâd	Dâd	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Wali	flat
8	at	at	ADP	_	10 close	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 close	det
10	close	close	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 appear	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 part	case
12	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	13 part	det
13	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 close	nmod
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 appear	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	appear	present	supernatural beings		Wali	the close of this part			vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location which=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Two glowing spirits whom he believes to be angels

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 spirits	nummod
2	glowing	glow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 spirits	amod
3	spirits	spirit	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	whom	whom	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 believes	obj
5	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 believes	nsubj
6	believes	believe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 spirits	acl:relcl
7	to	to	PART	_	9 angels	mark
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 angels	cop
9	angels	angel	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 believes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	glow	gerund			vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	believe	present	he	Two glowing spirits	vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer whom=Stimulus
3	is a	to-infinitive	he not said here	angels	tree rules

Option 2

Two lovely beings whom he believes to be Peris from Paradise, floating above the river at dusk

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 beings	nummod
2	lovely	lovely	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 beings	amod
3	beings	being	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	whom	whom	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 believes	obj
5	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 believes	nsubj
6	believes	believe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 beings	acl:relcl
7	to	to	PART	_	9 Peris	mark
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 Peris	cop
9	Peris	Peris	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 believes	obj
10	from	from	ADP	_	11 Paradise	case
11	Paradise	Paradise	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 Peris	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 floating	punct
13	floating	float	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 believes	conj
14	above	above	ADP	_	16 river	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 river	det
16	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 floating	obl
17	at	at	ADP	_	18 dusk	case
18	dusk	dusk	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 floating	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	believe	present	he	Two lovely beings			vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer whom=Stimulus
2	is a	to-infinitive		Peris	Paradise		tree rules
3	float	gerund	he not said here		the river	dusk	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme above river=Trajectory

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Two lovely beings whom he believes to be Peris from Paradise

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 beings	nummod
2	lovely	lovely	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 beings	amod
3	beings	being	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	whom	whom	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 believes	obj
5	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 believes	nsubj
6	believes	believe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 beings	acl:relcl
7	to	to	PART	_	9 Peris	mark
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 Peris	cop
9	Peris	Peris	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 believes	obl
10	from	from	ADP	_	11 Paradise	case
11	Paradise	Paradise	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 believes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	believe	present	he	Two lovely beings		Paradise			vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer whom=Stimulus
2	is a	to-infinitive		Peris					tree rules

Option 4

Two lovely beings whom he believes to be Peris from Paradise, sent to carry him home

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 beings	nummod
2	lovely	lovely	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 beings	amod
3	beings	being	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	whom	whom	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 believes	obj
5	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 believes	nsubj
6	believes	believe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 beings	acl:relcl
7	to	to	PART	_	9 Peris	mark
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 Peris	cop
9	Peris	Peris	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 believes	obl
10	from	from	ADP	_	11 Paradise	case
11	Paradise	Paradise	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 believes	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 sent	punct
13	sent	send	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 beings	acl
14	to	to	PART	_	15 carry	mark
15	carry	carry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 sent	advcl
16	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 carry	obj
17	home	home	ADV	_	15 carry	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	believe	present	he	Two lovely beings	Paradise		vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer whom=Stimulus
2	is a	to-infinitive		Peris			tree rules
3	send	participle		Two lovely beings not said here			vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	carry	to-infinitive		Paradise		home property	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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