Test 2 · ★ · Old Indian Legends, The Magic Arrow, part 7: Iktomi tricks…

bro, what was the arrow even doing through all those buffalo?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: bro, arrow · What happens: be, do · To what, where: arrow, buffalo

This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 1270 «Old Indian Legends, The Magic Arrow, part 7: Iktomi tricks the avenger into the tree» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	bro	bro	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 arrow	punct
3	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	6 arrow	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 arrow	cop
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 arrow	det
6	arrow	arrow	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 bro	appos
7	even	even	ADV	_	8 doing	advmod
8	doing	do	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 arrow	acl
9	through	through	ADP	_	12 buffalo	case
10	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	12 buffalo	det:predet
11	those	that	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	12 buffalo	det
12	buffalo	buffalo	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 doing	obl
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 bro	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	bro	the arrow					tree rules
2	do	gerund	the arrow not said here			all buffalo			vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Bouncing off the buffalo's hide

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bouncing	bounce	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	off	off	ADP	_	6 hide	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 buffalo	det
4	buffalo	buffalo	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hide	nmod:poss
5	's	's	PART	_	4 buffalo	case
6	hide	hide	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Bouncing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bounce off	gerund		the buffalo's hide					vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hide=Agent

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Skewering one buffalo after another

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Skewering	skewer	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 buffalo	nummod
3	buffalo	buffalo	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Skewering	obj
4	after	after	ADP	_	5 another	case
5	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	1 Skewering	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	skewer	gerund		one buffalo			after another		vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent buffalo=Theme

Option 3

Skewering one buffalo after another across the whole herd, leaving the grass red with their blood

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Skewering	skewer	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 buffalo	nummod
3	buffalo	buffalo	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Skewering	obj
4	after	after	ADP	_	5 another	case
5	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	1 Skewering	obl
6	across	across	ADP	_	9 herd	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 herd	det
8	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 herd	amod
9	herd	herd	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Skewering	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 leaving	punct
11	leaving	leave	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Skewering	conj
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 grass	det
13	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 leaving	obj
14	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 leaving	xcomp
15	with	with	ADP	_	17 blood	case
16	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 blood	nmod:poss
17	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 leaving	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	skewer	gerund		one buffalo		the whole herd	after another		vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent buffalo=Theme
2	leave	gerund		the grass				with their blood; red property	vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: agent=Agent grass=Recipient with blood=Theme

Option 4

It went through the first buffalo's head, then through the next, and the next, a whole row of them dropping

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 went	nsubj
2	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	through	through	ADP	_	8 head	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 buffalo	det
5	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	6 buffalo	amod
6	buffalo	buffalo	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 head	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 buffalo	case
8	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 went	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 next	punct
10	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	13 next	advmod
11	through	through	ADP	_	13 next	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 next	det
13	next	next	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 went	conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 next	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 next	cc
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 next	det
17	next	next	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 went	parataxis
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 row	punct
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 row	det
20	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 row	amod
21	row	row	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 next	obl
22	of	of	ADP	_	23 them	case
23	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 row	nmod
24	dropping	drop	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 went	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	past	It			the first buffalo's head			vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	drop	gerund							vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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