Exam question 3 · Iktomi tales, The Big Red Eagle: the avenger shoots the re…

Which action of the avenger on the second morning enabled him to bring down the red eagle?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: action, him, avenger · What happens: enable, bring down, act · To what, where: him, red eagle

This is exam question 3 of lesson 1271 «Iktomi tales, The Big Red Eagle: the avenger shoots the red eagle and wins the princess» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 action	det
2	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 enabled	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 avenger	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 avenger	det
5	avenger	avenger	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 action	nmod
6	on	on	ADP	_	9 morning	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 morning	det
8	second	second	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	9 morning	amod
9	morning	morning	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 avenger	nmod
10	enabled	enable	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 enabled	obj
12	to	to	PART	_	13 bring	mark
13	bring	bring	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 enabled	xcomp
14	down	down	ADP	_	13 bring	compound:prt
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 eagle	det
16	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 eagle	amod
17	eagle	eagle	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 bring	obj
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	10 enabled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	roles by
1	enable	past	which action of the avenger on the second morning	him = he		tree rules
2	bring down	to-infinitive	him = he not said here		the red eagle	vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument eagle=Destination
3	act		the avenger on the second morning			nom action «act intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He waited for the eagle to land nearby.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 waited	nsubj
2	waited	wait	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	5 eagle	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 eagle	det
5	eagle	eagle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 waited	obl
6	to	to	PART	_	7 land	mark
7	land	land	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 waited	advcl
8	nearby	nearby	ADV	_	7 land	advmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 waited	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wait	past	He					for the eagle	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	land	to-infinitive	He not said here					nearby property	vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

He drew a bow and hit the bird's wing.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 drew	nsubj
2	drew	draw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 bow	det
4	bow	bow	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 drew	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 hit	cc
6	hit	hit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 drew	conj
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 bird	det
8	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 wing	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 bird	case
10	wing	wing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hit	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 drew	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	draw	past	He	a bow					vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bow=Theme
2	hit	past	He not said here	the bird's wing					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme wing=Co-Theme

Option 3

He used a spear.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 used	nsubj
2	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 spear	det
4	spear	spear	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 used	obj
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 used	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	past	He	a spear					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spear=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

He shot one arrow that struck the eagle's breast.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 shot	nsubj
2	shot	shoot	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 arrow	nummod
4	arrow	arrow	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 shot	obj
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 struck	nsubj
6	struck	strike	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 arrow	acl:relcl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 eagle	det
8	eagle	eagle	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 breast	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 eagle	case
10	breast	breast	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 struck	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 shot	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shoot	past	He	one arrow					vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arrow=Theme
2	strike	past	one arrow	the eagle's breast					vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breast=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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