Exam question 3 · Book of Tales, Ian the Fisher's Son: the princess saves th…

With reference to the passage, how did the young man account for his discovery?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: his · What happens: do, discover · To what, where: young man account

This is exam question 3 of lesson 1303 «Book of Tales, Ian the Fisher's Son: the princess saves the true winner and chooses him» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	With	with	ADP	_	2 reference	case
2	reference	reference	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	5 passage	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 passage	det
5	passage	passage	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reference	nmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 did	punct
7	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	8 did	advmod
8	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 passage	acl:relcl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 account	det
10	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 account	amod
11	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 account	compound
12	account	account	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 did	obj
13	for	for	ADP	_	15 discovery	case
14	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 discovery	nmod:poss
15	discovery	discovery	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 did	obl
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 reference	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	past		the young man account				for his discovery	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent account=Eventuality
2	discover		his = he						nom discovery «act transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

He stated that the birds in the box had informed him

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stated	nsubj
2	stated	state	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 informed	mark
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 birds	det
5	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 informed	nsubj:pass
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 box	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 box	det
8	box	box	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 birds	nmod
9	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 informed	aux
10	informed	inform	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 stated	ccomp
11	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 informed	iobj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	state speech: other	past	He						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	inform speech: other	past · perfect · passive		the birds in the box	him = he				tree rules

Option 2

He stated that the birds in the box had informed him, while the king's messengers had not searched the cottage at all

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stated	nsubj
2	stated	state	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 informed	mark
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 birds	det
5	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 informed	nsubj:pass
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 box	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 box	det
8	box	box	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 birds	nmod
9	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 informed	aux
10	informed	inform	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 stated	ccomp
11	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 informed	iobj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 searched	punct
13	while	while	SCONJ	_	20 searched	mark
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 king	det
15	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 messengers	nmod:poss
16	's	's	PART	_	15 king	case
17	messengers	messenger	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 searched	nsubj:pass
18	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 searched	aux
19	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	20 searched	advmod
20	searched	search	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 stated	conj
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 cottage	det
22	cottage	cottage	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 searched	obj
23	at	at	ADP	_	24 all	case
24	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	20 searched	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	roles by
1	state speech: other	past	He				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	inform speech: other	past · perfect · passive		the birds in the box	him = he		tree rules
3	not search	past · perfect · passive		the king's messengers		all	tree rules

Option 3

He claimed a fairy in the wood had guided him

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 claimed	nsubj
2	claimed	claim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 fairy	det
4	fairy	fairy	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 claimed	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 wood	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 wood	det
7	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 guided	obl
8	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 guided	aux
9	guided	guide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	2 claimed	parataxis
10	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 guided	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	claim speech: other	past	He	a fairy					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent fairy=Topic
2	guide	past · perfect		fairy		the wood			vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme in wood=Destination

Option 4

He stated that the birds in the box had informed him of the princess and her plan

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stated	nsubj
2	stated	state	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 informed	mark
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 birds	det
5	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 informed	nsubj:pass
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 box	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 box	det
8	box	box	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 birds	nmod
9	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 informed	aux
10	informed	inform	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 stated	ccomp
11	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 informed	iobj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 princess	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 princess	det
14	princess	princess	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 informed	obl
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 plan	cc
16	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 plan	nmod:poss
17	plan	plan	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 princess	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	state speech: other	past	He				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	inform speech: other	past · perfect · passive		the birds in the box	him = he	of the princess and her plan	tree rules
3	plan		her = she				nom plan «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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