Exam question 1 · Aesop's Fables, The Fox and the Grapes: a hungry Fox jumps…
Which of the following statements is accurate with respect to the Fox's attempts to reach the grapes?
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Fox · What happens: follow, be, reach, attempt · To what, where: statements, grapes
This is exam question 1 of lesson 133 «Aesop's Fables, The Fox and the Grapes: a hungry Fox jumps for grapes he cannot reach and walks off, calling them sour» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 accurate | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 7 accurate | mark |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 accurate | det |
| 4 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 accurate | csubj |
| 5 | statements | statement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 following | obj |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 accurate | cop |
| 7 | accurate | accurate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 respect | case |
| 9 | respect | respect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 accurate | obl |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 attempts | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 Fox | det |
| 12 | Fox | fox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 attempts | nmod:poss |
| 13 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 12 Fox | case |
| 14 | attempts | attempt | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 accurate | obl |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 reach | mark |
| 16 | reach | reach | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 accurate | advcl |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 grapes | det |
| 18 | grapes | grape | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 reach | obj |
| 19 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 7 accurate | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | gerund | statements | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent statement=Theme | |||||
| 2 | is | present | with respect; to the Fox's attempts; accurate property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | reach | to-infinitive | the grapes | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent grape=Theme | |||||
| 4 | attempt | the Fox | nom attempt «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
The Fox leapt repeatedly into the air, and eventually a crow dropped a grape within his reach.
The tree, 17 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Fox | det |
| 2 | Fox | fox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 leapt | nsubj |
| 3 | leapt | leapt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | repeatedly | repeatedly | ADV | _ | 3 leapt | advmod |
| 5 | into | into | ADP | _ | 7 air | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 air | det |
| 7 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 leapt | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 dropped | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 dropped | cc |
| 10 | eventually | eventually | ADV | _ | 13 dropped | advmod |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 crow | det |
| 12 | crow | crow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 dropped | nsubj |
| 13 | dropped | drop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 leapt | parataxis |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 grape | det |
| 15 | grape | grape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 dropped | obj |
| 16 | within | within | ADP | _ | 18 reach | case |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 reach | nmod:poss |
| 18 | reach | reach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 dropped | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 leapt | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leapt | past | the Fox | the air | repeatedly property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | drop | past | a crow | a grape | within crow's reach; eventually property | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grape=Theme |
Option 2
The Fox climbed the trellis to pick the fruit.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Fox | det |
| 2 | Fox | fox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 climbed | nsubj |
| 3 | climbed | climb | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 trellis | det |
| 5 | trellis | trellis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 climbed | obj |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 pick | mark |
| 7 | pick | pick | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 climbed | advcl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 fruit | det |
| 9 | fruit | fruit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 pick | obj |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 climbed | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | climb | past | the Fox | the trellis | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location trellis=Theme | ||||
| 2 | pick | to-infinitive | the Fox not said here | the fruit | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fruit=Patient |
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
The Fox made repeated leaps into the air, none of which brought the fruit within his reach.
The tree, 17 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Fox | det |
| 2 | Fox | fox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 made | nsubj |
| 3 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | repeated | repeat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 leaps | amod |
| 5 | leaps | leap | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 made | obj |
| 6 | into | into | ADP | _ | 8 air | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 air | det |
| 8 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 made | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 none | punct |
| 10 | none | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | 3 made | conj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 which | case |
| 12 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 brought | nsubj |
| 13 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 none | acl:relcl |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 fruit | det |
| 15 | fruit | fruit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 brought | obj |
| 16 | within | within | ADP | _ | 18 reach | case |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 reach | nmod:poss |
| 18 | reach | reach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 brought | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 made | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | the Fox | repeated leaps | the air | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent leap=Material into air=Product | |||
| 2 | repeat | participle | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||||
| 3 | bring | past | the fruit | within Fox's reach | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent fruit=Theme |
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice
The Fox jumped several times at the vine, but then he climbed a nearby tree and found a different snack instead.
The tree, 21 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Fox | det |
| 2 | Fox | fox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 jumped | nsubj |
| 3 | jumped | jump | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 times | amod |
| 5 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 jumped | obl:unmarked |
| 6 | at | at | ADP | _ | 8 vine | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 vine | det |
| 8 | vine | vine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 jumped | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 climbed | punct |
| 10 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 13 climbed | cc |
| 11 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 13 climbed | advmod |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 climbed | nsubj |
| 13 | climbed | climb | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 jumped | parataxis |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 tree | det |
| 15 | nearby | nearby | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 tree | amod |
| 16 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 climbed | obj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 found | cc |
| 18 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 climbed | conj |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 snack | det |
| 20 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 snack | amod |
| 21 | snack | snack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 found | obj |
| 22 | instead | instead | ADV | _ | 18 found | advmod |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 jumped | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | jump | past | the Fox | the vine | time | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at vine=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | climb | past | Fox | a nearby tree | then | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location tree=Theme | |||
| 3 | find | past | Fox not said here | a different snack | instead property | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent snack=Topic |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/133-pg11339-part3/e1/