Exam question 4 · Aesop's Fables, The Dog and the Cook, part 8: a dog is thr…

In what manner did the father demonstrate to his sons the advantage of unity?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: father · What happens: demonstrate · To what, where: manner

This is exam question 4 of lesson 138 «Aesop's Fables, The Dog and the Cook, part 8: a dog is thrown out of a feast, a vain Monkey is trapped, and more short fables» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 manner	case
2	what	what	DET	PronType=Int	3 manner	det
3	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 demonstrate	obl
4	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 demonstrate	aux
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 father	det
6	father	father	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 demonstrate	nsubj
7	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 sons	case
9	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 sons	nmod:poss
10	sons	son	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 demonstrate	obl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 advantage	det
12	advantage	advantage	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 sons	appos
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 unity	case
14	unity	unity	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 advantage	nmod
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 demonstrate	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	demonstrate	past · do-support	the father			what manner		to father's sons	vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to son=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

By tying the sticks together and then having the sons break them one by one at the market

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 tying	mark
2	tying	tie	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 having	advcl
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 sticks	det
4	sticks	stick	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 tying	obj
5	together	together	ADV	_	2 tying	advmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 having	cc
7	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	8 having	advmod
8	having	have	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 sons	det
10	sons	son	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 break	nsubj
11	break	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 having	parataxis
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 break	obj
13	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 break	obj
14	by	by	ADP	_	15 one	case
15	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 one	nmod
16	at	at	ADP	_	18 market	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 market	det
18	market	market	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 one	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	tie	gerund		the sticks		together property	vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stick=Patient
2	have	gerund			then		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	break	present	the sons	sticks = stick			vn break-45.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent they=Patient one=Result

Option 2

By having them break sticks one at a time

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 having	mark
2	having	have	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 sticks	csubj
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 having	obj
4	break	break	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 having	xcomp
5	sticks	stick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 sticks	obj
7	at	at	ADP	_	9 time	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 time	det
9	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sticks	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	have	gerund		them = they		tree rules
2	break	infinitive	them = they not said here			vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
3	stick	present	having	one	time	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent one=Theme

Option 3

By having them break a bundle of sticks while united, then having them break the sticks separately one by one

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 having	mark
2	having	have	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	15 break	csubj
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 having	obj
4	break	break	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 having	xcomp
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 bundle	det
6	bundle	bundle	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 break	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 sticks	case
8	sticks	stick	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 bundle	nmod
9	while	while	SCONJ	_	10 united	mark
10	united	united	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 break	advcl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 having	punct
12	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	13 having	advmod
13	having	have	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	15 break	aux
14	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 having	obj
15	break	break	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 sticks	det
17	sticks	stick	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 break	obj
18	separately	separately	ADV	_	15 break	advmod
19	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	15 break	obl
20	by	by	ADP	_	21 one	case
21	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	19 one	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	have	gerund		them = they		tree rules
2	break	infinitive	them = they not said here	a bundle of sticks		vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bundle=Patient
3	break	gerund	having	the sticks	one by one obl; separately property	vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer stick=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

By having them break a bundle of sticks united and then separately

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 having	mark
2	having	have	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 break	advcl
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 having	obj
4	break	break	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 bundle	det
6	bundle	bundle	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 break	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 sticks	case
8	sticks	stick	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 bundle	nmod
9	united	united	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 break	xcomp
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 separately	cc
11	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	12 separately	advmod
12	separately	separately	ADV	_	9 united	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	gerund	you not said here	them = they					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient
2	break	imperative	you not said here	a bundle of sticks				united property	vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bundle=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/138-pg11339-part8/e4/