Exam question 2 · Aesop's Fables, The Quack Frog, part 9: a run of short ani…

Explain the outcome of the tale of the Mouse, the Frog, and the Hawk, with particular reference to the consequence of the Frog's decision.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, Mouse, Frog · What happens: explain, tell, decide · To what, where: outcome · Speech: someone speaks here

This is exam question 2 of lesson 139 «Aesop's Fables, The Quack Frog, part 9: a run of short animal tales, each ending with a lesson» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Explain	explain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 outcome	det
3	outcome	outcome	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Explain	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 tale	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 tale	det
6	tale	tale	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 outcome	nmod
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 Mouse	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Mouse	det
9	Mouse	mouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tale	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 Frog	punct
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Frog	det
12	Frog	Frog	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 Mouse	nmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 Hawk	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 Hawk	cc
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 Hawk	det
16	Hawk	Hawk	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Explain	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 reference	punct
18	with	with	ADP	_	20 reference	case
19	particular	particular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 reference	amod
20	reference	reference	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Explain	obl
21	to	to	ADP	_	23 consequence	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 consequence	det
23	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 reference	nmod
24	of	of	ADP	_	28 decision	case
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 Frog	det
26	Frog	Frog	PROPN	Number=Sing	28 decision	nmod:poss
27	's	's	PART	_	26 Frog	case
28	decision	decision	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 consequence	nmod
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Explain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	explain speech: assert	imperative	you not said here	the outcome of the tale of the Mouse the Frog	with particular reference to the consequence of the Frog's decision; the Hawk obl	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent outcome=Topic
2	tell		the Mouse the Frog			nom tale «communication intransitive»: of=agent
3	decide		the Frog			nom decision «act transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The Frog drowned the Mouse and then escaped unharmed while the Hawk ate the Mouse alone.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Frog	det
2	Frog	Frog	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 drowned	nsubj
3	drowned	drown	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Mouse	det
5	Mouse	mouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drowned	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 escaped	cc
7	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	8 escaped	advmod
8	escaped	escape	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 drowned	conj
9	unharmed	unharmed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 escaped	xcomp
10	while	while	SCONJ	_	13 ate	mark
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Hawk	det
12	Hawk	Hawk	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 ate	nsubj
13	ate	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 escaped	advcl
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 Mouse	det
15	Mouse	mouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 ate	obj
16	alone	alone	ADV	_	13 ate	advmod
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 drowned	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	drown	past	the Frog	the Mouse			vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mouse=Patient
2	escape	past	the Frog not said here		then	unharmed property	vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	eat	past	the Hawk	the Mouse		alone property	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mouse=Patient

Option 2

The Frog and the Mouse were both saved when the Hawk swooped down and the Frog's leg slipped free from the cord at last.

The tree, 25 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Frog	det
2	Frog	Frog	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 saved	nsubj:pass
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 Mouse	cc
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Mouse	det
5	Mouse	mouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Frog	conj
6	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 saved	aux:pass
7	both	both	ADV	_	8 saved	advmod
8	saved	save	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	12 swooped	advmod
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 Hawk	det
11	Hawk	Hawk	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 swooped	nsubj
12	swooped	swoop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 saved	advcl
13	down	down	ADV	_	12 swooped	advmod
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 slipped	cc
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 Frog	det
16	Frog	Frog	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 leg	nmod:poss
17	's	's	PART	_	16 Frog	case
18	leg	leg	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 slipped	nsubj
19	slipped	slip	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 saved	conj
20	free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 slipped	xcomp
21	from	from	ADP	_	23 cord	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 cord	det
23	cord	cord	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 slipped	obl
24	at	at	ADP	_	25 last	case
25	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 slipped	obl
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 saved	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	save	past · passive		the Frog and the Mouse	both property	vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	swoop down	past	the Hawk		down property	tree rules
3	slip	past	the Frog's leg		at last; from the cord; free property	vn split-23.2 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient from cord=Co-Patient

Option 3

The Frog tricked the Mouse, and the Hawk later ate only the Mouse.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Frog	det
2	Frog	Frog	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 tricked	nsubj
3	tricked	trick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Mouse	det
5	Mouse	mouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 tricked	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 ate	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 ate	cc
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Hawk	det
9	Hawk	Hawk	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 ate	nsubj
10	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	11 ate	advmod
11	ate	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 tricked	conj
12	only	only	ADV	_	14 Mouse	advmod
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 Mouse	det
14	Mouse	mouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 ate	obj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 tricked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	trick	past	the Frog	the Mouse					vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mouse=Patient
2	eat	past	the Hawk	the Mouse				late property	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mouse=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The Frog drowned the Mouse, then was seized and eaten alongside him

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Frog	det
2	Frog	Frog	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 drowned	nsubj
3	drowned	drown	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Mouse	det
5	Mouse	mouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drowned	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 seized	punct
7	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	9 seized	advmod
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 seized	aux:pass
9	seized	seize	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 drowned	parataxis
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 eaten	cc
11	eaten	eat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 seized	conj
12	alongside	alongside	ADP	_	13 him	case
13	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 eaten	obl:agent

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	drown	past	the Frog	the Mouse		vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mouse=Patient
2	seize	past · passive			then	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»
3	eat	participle				vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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