Exam question 1 · Aesop's Fables, The Lion and the Boar and other fables, pa…

Which of the following most accurately describes the outcome of the quarrel between the Lion and the Boar?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, describe · To what, where: outcome

This is exam question 1 of lesson 140 «Aesop's Fables, The Lion and the Boar and other fables, part 10: animals and a Man quarrel, learn small lessons and get their comeuppance» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 following	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 following	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 following	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	6 accurately	advmod
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	7 describes	advmod
7	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 following	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 outcome	det
9	outcome	outcome	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 describes	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 quarrel	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 quarrel	det
12	quarrel	quarrel	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 outcome	nmod
13	between	between	ADP	_	15 Lion	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 Lion	det
15	Lion	Lion	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 quarrel	nmod
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 Boar	cc
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 Boar	det
18	Boar	Boar	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 Lion	conj
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 following	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	describe	present		the outcome of the quarrel between the Lion and the Boar				accurately property	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent outcome=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They reconciled upon perceiving vultures awaiting a carcase

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 reconciled	nsubj
2	reconciled	reconcile	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	upon	upon	SCONJ	_	4 perceiving	mark
4	perceiving	perceive	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 reconciled	advcl
5	vultures	vulture	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 perceiving	obj
6	awaiting	await	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 vultures	acl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 carcase	det
8	carcase	carcase	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 awaiting	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	reconcile	past	They		tree rules
2	perceive	gerund	They not said here	vultures	vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer vulture=Stimulus
3	await	gerund	vultures not said here	a carcase	tree rules

Option 2

They continued the quarrel for many days, until the vultures departed and the carcase was eventually left to rot in the sun

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 continued	nsubj
2	continued	continue	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 quarrel	det
4	quarrel	quarrel	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 continued	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 days	case
6	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 days	amod
7	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 continued	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 departed	punct
9	until	until	SCONJ	_	12 departed	mark
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 vultures	det
11	vultures	vulture	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 departed	nsubj
12	departed	depart	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 continued	conj
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 left	cc
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 carcase	det
15	carcase	carcase	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 left	nsubj:pass
16	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 left	aux:pass
17	eventually	eventually	ADV	_	18 left	advmod
18	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 continued	conj
19	to	to	PART	_	20 rot	mark
20	rot	rot	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 left	xcomp
21	in	in	ADP	_	23 sun	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 sun	det
23	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 rot	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	continue	past	They	the quarrel		day		vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent quarrel=Theme
2	depart	past	the vultures					vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	leave	past · passive		the carcase			eventually property	tree rules
4	rot	to-infinitive	the carcase not said here		the sun			vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 3

They reconciled after noticing vultures waiting patiently for one of them to fall, which made them realise their enmity served only the vultures

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 reconciled	nsubj
2	reconciled	reconcile	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	after	after	SCONJ	_	4 noticing	mark
4	noticing	notice	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	21 served	advcl
5	vultures	vulture	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 noticing	obj
6	waiting	wait	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 vultures	acl
7	patiently	patiently	ADV	_	6 waiting	advmod
8	for	for	ADP	_	9 one	case
9	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 waiting	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 them	case
11	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 one	nmod
12	to	to	PART	_	13 fall	mark
13	fall	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 waiting	advcl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 made	punct
15	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	16 made	nsubj
16	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 vultures	conj
17	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 made	obj
18	realise	realise	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 made	xcomp
19	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	20 enmity	nmod:poss
20	enmity	enmity	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 realise	obj
21	served	serve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 reconciled	conj
22	only	only	ADV	_	24 vultures	advmod
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 vultures	det
24	vultures	vulture	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 served	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	reconcile	past	They			tree rules
2	notice	gerund		vultures		vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer vulture=Stimulus
3	wait	gerund	vultures not said here		for one of vultures; patiently property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	fall	to-infinitive	vultures not said here			vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	make	past	vultures	vultures = vulture		tree rules
6	realise	infinitive	vultures = vulture not said here	vultures's enmity		tree rules
7	serve	past	They not said here	the vultures		vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vulture=Attribute

Option 4

They quarrelled upon perceiving vultures circling a carcase

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 quarrelled	nsubj
2	quarrelled	quarrell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	upon	upon	SCONJ	_	4 perceiving	mark
4	perceiving	perceive	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 quarrelled	advcl
5	vultures	vulture	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 perceiving	obj
6	circling	circle	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 vultures	acl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 carcase	det
8	carcase	carcase	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 circling	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	quarrell	past	They		tree rules
2	perceive	gerund	They not said here	vultures	vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer vulture=Stimulus
3	circle	gerund	vultures not said here	a carcase	vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme carcase=Co-Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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